TOEFL passage

 Here's a sample reading section from the TOEFL test, along with some questions and answers:

Reading Passage

The following passage is adapted from a newspaper article about sustainable energy.

As the world continues to grapple with climate change and its effects, there has been an increasing focus on sustainable energy sources such as wind, solar, and hydroelectric power. These sources of energy are becoming more popular for a number of reasons. First, they are cleaner and produce fewer emissions than traditional fossil fuel sources. Second, they are renewable, which means they will not run out in the same way that non-renewable sources will. Finally, they are becoming increasingly affordable and cost-competitive with traditional sources of energy.

One of the most popular sustainable energy sources is wind power. Wind turbines have been around for decades, but recent advances in technology have made them more efficient and more cost-effective. In many parts of the world, wind energy is now competitive with traditional sources of electricity, and many countries are investing heavily in wind power as a way to reduce their reliance on fossil fuels.

Another popular sustainable energy source is solar power. Solar panels can be installed on rooftops, in fields, or even in space, and they convert sunlight into electricity. Like wind power, solar power has become increasingly cost-competitive with traditional sources of energy. However, solar power is not always feasible in every location due to factors such as climate and geography.

Hydroelectric power is another sustainable energy source that has been used for decades. Hydroelectric power plants generate electricity by using the power of falling water to turn turbines. This energy source is particularly popular in areas with large rivers or waterfalls, and it is also one of the most efficient and reliable forms of renewable energy.

Questions

1. What is the focus of sustainable energy sources?
2. What is the main advantage of renewable energy sources?
3. What recent technological advances have made wind turbines more efficient and cost-effective?
4. What are some factors that can make solar power unfeasible in certain locations?
5. In what types of areas is hydroelectric power particularly popular?

Answers

1. The focus of sustainable energy sources is on wind, solar, and hydroelectric power as alternative sources of energy to traditional fossil fuels.
2. The main advantage of renewable energy sources is that they are cleaner and produce fewer emissions than traditional fossil fuels, and they are renewable, which means they will not run out.
3. Recent advances in technology have made wind turbines more efficient and cost-effective.
4. Factors that can make solar power unfeasible in certain locations include climate and geography.
5. Hydroelectric power is particularly popular in areas with large rivers or waterfalls.