paf30.10.2018
Dear students,
I wish you all a very nice evening! Please find enclosed a short lecture on some very basic grammar points. Enjoy studying it.
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1 Be:Present Simple (1) (I am,I’m not)
1 Here are some examples of be in the Present Simple:
This is my brother.He’s ten years old.
I’m a student.These are my books.
They aren’t at home.They’re at the theatre.
2 We form the Present Simple of be like this:
POSITIVE
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Full form
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Short form
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Singular
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I am
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I’m
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You are
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You’re
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He/she/it is
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He’s/she’s/it’s
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Plural
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We are
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We’re
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You are
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You’re
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They are
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They’re
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NEGATIVE
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Full form
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Short form
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Singular
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I am not
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I’m not
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You are not
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You aren’t
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He/she/it is not
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He/she/it isn’t
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Plural
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We are not
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We aren’t
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You are not
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You aren’t
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They are not
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They aren’t
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3 In speech,we usually use the short forms:
She’s my sister. He’s my brother.
I’m from Italy. They’re German.
4 We use be:
- To say who we are:
I’m Steve and this is my friend Bill. We’re from Scotland.
I’m Janet and these are my sisters. This is Sandra and this is Patricia.
Sandra and Patricia are doctors.
- To talk about the weather:
It’s cold today.
It’s a beautiful day.
It’s usually hot here!
It isn’t very warm today.
- To talk about the time:
It’s ten o’clock.
It’s half past four.
You’re late!
- To talk about places:
Milan is in the north of Italy.
John and Mary are in Yorkshire.
- To talk about people’s ages:
My sister is six years old.
Practice
- Maria is from Brazil. She is writing about herself and her family. Put full forms of be in the gaps.
- I am a student from Brazil.
- My parents are not (not) rich.
- My father is a teacher.
- My mother is not (not) Brazilian.
- She is from America.
- I am twenty years old.
- My little brother is two.
- My older brothers are not (not) students.
- They are in the army.
- It is often very hot in Brazil.
- Now fill these gaps.This time,use short forms of be,as in the examples.
- I’m a doctor.
- I’m not (not) a bank manager.
- She isn’t (not) a teacher.
- He’s a student.
- They’re at home.
- They aren’t (not) in the park.
- It isn’t (not) cold today.
- It’s very hot.
- We’re from Paris.
- We aren’t (not) from Bordeaux.
- You aren’t ( not) twenty-one.
- I’m twenty-four.
C . Look at these pictures. These people are saying who they are. Write sentences, choosing the correct jobs from the box, as in the example.
policeman, an artist, a teacher, a film star, a scientist, a photographer.
a pop star
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a farmer
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a bank manager
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a footballer
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a dentist
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a doctor
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a policeman
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an artist
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a teacher
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a film star
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a scientist
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a photographer
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Names:
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Paolo, Federico
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Nationality:
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Italy
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Jobs:
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Policeman, footballer
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I’m Paolo and this is Federico. We’re from Italy. I’m a policeman and Federico is a footballer.
1
Names:
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Bjorn, Liv
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Nationality:
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Sweden
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Jobs:
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Doctor, film star
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I’m Bjorn and this is Liv. We’re from Sweden. I’m a doctor and Liv is a film star.
2
Names:
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Maria, Pedro
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Nationality:
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Mexico
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Jobs:
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Teacher, pop star
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I’m Maria and this is Pedro. We’re from Mexico. I’m a a teacher and Pedro is a pop star.
3
Names:
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Jim, Mary
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Nationality:
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Australia
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Jobs:
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Bank manager, artist
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I’m Jim and this is Mary. We’re from Australia. I’m a bank manager and Mary is an artist.
4
Names:
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Tomoko, Akira
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Nationality:
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Japan
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Jobs:
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Dentist, photographer
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I’m Tomoko and this is Akira. We’re from Japan. I’m a dentist and Akira is a photographer.
5
Names:
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Rajiv, Vikram
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Nationality:
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India
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Jobs:
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Scientist, farmer
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I’m Rajiv and this is Vikram. We’re from India. I’m a scientist and Vikram is a farmer.
D . Choose words from the box to put in the gaps.
He’s
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She’s
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They’re
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It’s (x3)
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are
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Is
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We
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isn’t
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- My parents live in Scotland.They’re teachers.
- New York isn’t in England.It’s in America.
- Paul is from Germany.He’s German.
- My sister is a doctor.She’s thirty years old.
- It’s six o’clock!We are late.
- It’s very cold today.Let’s stay at home.
- Look at the time!Chris and Mary are late.
