Try to make the best use of the following knowledge in English

 1. above dhe over

1. ‘më lartë se …’’ , ‘mbi…’ , above ose over

Si above ashtu edhe over mund të përdoren me kuptimin ‘më lart se…’ , ‘mbi…’.

- The water came up above/over our knees.

- Can you see the helicopter above/over the palace?

2. above – ‘jo drejtpërsëdrejti mbi…’

Above është më e përdorshme kur duam të flasim për dicka që ndodhet ‘jo drejtpërsëdrejti mbi… (dicka tjetër)’.

- We ’got a little house above the lake.

3. over : ‘duke mbuluar’

Over përdoret për të treguar që një gjë mbulon dhe/ose prek një tjetër.

- There is cloud over the South of Albania.

- He put on a coat over his pyjamas.

Over / across përdoren për të treguar që një gjë përshkon një tjetër (shiko9).

- The plane was flying over / across Denmark.

- Electricity cables stretch over / across the fields.

4. above : për madhësi

Above përdoret në matjet e temperaturës dhe të lartësisë si dhe në raste të tjera kur mendojmë që ekziston një parametër vertikal.

- The temperature is three degrees above zero.

- The summit of Everest is about 8000 metres above sea level.

- She’s well above average in intelligence.

5. over : për moshë , shpejtësi , ‘më shumë se’

Kur duam të flasim për moshën dhe shpejtësinë, si dhe kur duam të themi ‘më tepër se…’ , përdorim zakonisht over dhe JO above.

- You have to be over 18 to see this film.

- The police said she was driving at over 120 kmph.

- There were over 100,000 people at the festival.

6. see above / over

E shkruar në një libër ose në një tekst, ‘see above’ ka kuptimin ‘shiko dicka të shkruar më parë/më lart’ ; ‘see over’ do të thotë ‘shiko në faqen tjetër’.

Ndryshimet ndërmjet below dhe under janë të ngjashme. 

The Library Key

 

The Library Key

Preface

A key is usually a small piece of metal, but it can open something valuable. Some keys open doors, others open boxes, and a few open our minds. Education is often described as a key because it gives people the opportunity to discover new ideas, solve problems, and understand the world more clearly. As you read the following story, think about this question:

What is the greatest key you have ever received?

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Main Text

The Library Key

When the old village library was renovated, every student received a small brass key. It was not a key to the front door, because the library was open to everyone. Instead, it opened a small wooden locker where each student could keep books, notebooks, and personal reading projects.

Most students were excited. They decorated their lockers with drawings, favorite quotations, and photographs. One boy, however, was different.

His name was Leon.

Although he enjoyed football and cycling, he believed that reading was boring. For several weeks, his locker remained almost empty except for a pencil and a notebook.

One rainy afternoon, Leon could not play outside. With nothing else to do, he opened one of the books that had been left on a nearby table. It told the story of a young explorer who crossed deserts, climbed mountains, and learned from people in distant countries.

Leon forgot about the rain.

The next day, he borrowed another book. Then another. Soon his locker was full.

His teachers noticed that he was asking better questions in class. His vocabulary became richer, and his writing became more interesting. Even his friends enjoyed listening to the stories he shared.

At the end of the school year, the librarian asked each student one simple question:

"What has your library key opened?"

Some students answered, "A locker."

Others replied, "A place to keep books."

Leon smiled before saying,

"It opened my curiosity."

The librarian nodded.

"The best keys," she said, "do not open doors. They open minds."

---

Comprehension Questions

A. Answer the Questions

1. Why did every student receive a key?

2. What was Leon's opinion about reading at first?

3. Why did he begin reading one afternoon?

4. What kind of story did he read first?

5. How did Leon change during the school year?

6. What changes did his teachers notice?

7. What question did the librarian ask?

8. What was Leon's answer?

9. What did the librarian mean by "The best keys do not open doors"?

10. What is the main lesson of the story?

---

B. True or False

1. The key opened the main entrance to the library.

2. Leon loved reading from the beginning.

3. Rainy weather led Leon to open a book.

4. Reading improved Leon's vocabulary.

5. The story suggests that books can change people.

---

Vocabulary Practice

Match the words with their meanings.

1. renovated

2. curiosity

3. quotation

4. explorer

5. borrow

a. to take something for a time and return it later

b. completely repaired or improved

c. a person who travels to discover new places

d. a desire to learn or know more

e. a sentence spoken or written by another person

---

Grammar Practice

A. Present Perfect or Simple Past

Choose the correct form.

1. Leon ______ many books since that rainy afternoon.
   (has read / read)

2. He ______ his first book because it was raining.
   (opened / has opened)

3. His teachers ______ a great improvement in his writing.
   (noticed / have noticed)

4. The librarian ______ the students an important question yesterday.
   (asked / has asked)

5. Leon ______ much more curious over the past year.
   (became / has become)

---

B. Modal Verbs

Complete the sentences using can, could, should, must, or may.

1. Books ______ help us understand different cultures.

2. Students ______ return borrowed books on time.

3. Leon ______ not see the value of reading at first.

4. You ______ discover something wonderful if you keep reading.

5. Everyone ______ learn something new every day.

---

Discussion

Discuss these questions with a partner.

1. What book has influenced you the most?

2. Why do some young people dislike reading?

3. How can a library help a community?

4. If you could write a book, what would it be about?

5. What does curiosity mean to you?

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Writing Task

A Book That Changed My Thinking

Write 150–180 words.

Include:

• The title or type of book.

• Why you chose it.

• What you learned from it.

• Whether you would recommend it to others.

• How it influenced your way of thinking.

Try to use:

• at least three modal verbs;

• two Present Perfect sentences;

• three linking words (however, therefore, because, finally, although).

The Clockmaker's Secret

 

The Clockmaker's Secret

Preface

Time is one of the few things that every person receives equally. Rich or poor, young or old, each of us has twenty-four hours every day. Some people seem to accomplish a great deal, while others wonder where their time has gone. The difference is often not the amount of time they have, but how wisely they use it. The following story reminds us that every minute has value.

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Main Text

The Clockmaker's Secret

In a quiet village there lived an old clockmaker named Stefan. His small shop was filled with clocks of every shape and size. Some were large enough to stand on the floor, while others were small enough to fit into a pocket. Every clock kept perfect time.

People often asked Stefan why his clocks were so reliable.

"My secret is simple," he would answer with a smile. "I take care of small problems before they become big ones."

One afternoon, a young apprentice came to work with him.

"I want to learn how to repair clocks," the boy said.

Stefan nodded and handed him a beautiful old clock.

The apprentice looked at the tiny gears inside and sighed.

"There are too many parts," he complained.

Stefan replied, "Never try to repair the whole clock at once. Understand one piece, then the next. Small improvements lead to great results."

For several months, the apprentice followed his teacher's advice. He cleaned one wheel, adjusted one spring, and polished one tiny screw at a time. Gradually, he understood how every small part worked together.

Years later, the apprentice opened a workshop of his own. Above the entrance he placed a simple sign:

Great work begins with careful attention to small things.

Whenever customers admired his work, he remembered Stefan's lesson. He realized that the secret had never been about clocks. It had always been about life.

---

Comprehension Questions

A. Answer the Questions

1. What was Stefan's profession?

2. Why did people admire his clocks?

3. What secret did Stefan share?

4. Who came to learn from him?

5. Why did the apprentice become discouraged?

6. What advice did Stefan give him?

7. How long did the apprentice study with Stefan?

8. What sign did he place above his workshop?

9. What did he finally understand?

10. What is the main message of the story?

---

B. True or False

1. Stefan lived in a large city.

2. His shop contained many different clocks.

3. The apprentice repaired the clock immediately.

4. Stefan believed that small improvements were important.

5. The story is really about life as much as about clocks.

---

Vocabulary Practice

Match the words with their meanings.

1. apprentice

2. reliable

3. gradually

4. adjust

5. workshop

a. a place where things are made or repaired

b. slowly over time

c. someone learning a trade from an experienced person

d. dependable

e. to make something work better by changing it slightly

---

Grammar Practice

A. Present Perfect or Simple Past

Choose the correct answer.

1. Stefan ______ clocks for many years.
   (repaired / has repaired)

2. The apprentice ______ to the shop one afternoon.
   (came / has come)

3. He ______ a great deal since he began learning.
   (learned / has learned)

4. Stefan ______ him excellent advice.
   (gave / has given)

5. They ______ together for several months.
   (worked / have worked)

---

B. Relative Clauses

Join the sentences using who, which, or that.

1. Stefan was an old clockmaker. He taught many people.

2. The apprentice repaired a clock. The clock was very old.

3. The shop contained clocks. The clocks kept perfect time.

4. The lesson changed his life. The lesson was unforgettable.

5. Customers admired the workshop. It became famous in the village.

---

Discussion

Discuss these questions with a partner.

1. Why are small details important?

2. Have you ever learned a skill step by step?

3. What difficult task became easier when you divided it into smaller parts?

4. Which quality is more important: talent or patience? Why?

---

Writing Task

Small Steps Toward Success

Write 150–180 words on the following topic:

"A Skill I Would Like to Master."

Include:

• What the skill is.

• Why you want to learn it.

• The small steps you will take.

• The difficulties you may face.

• How you will know you have succeeded.

Try to use:

• at least three linking words (however, therefore, although, finally, because);

• two relative clauses;

• one Present Perfect sentence.

The Clockmaker's Secret

 

The Clockmaker's Secret

Preface

Time is one of the few things that every person receives equally. Rich or poor, young or old, each of us has twenty-four hours every day. Some people seem to accomplish a great deal, while others wonder where their time has gone. The difference is often not the amount of time they have, but how wisely they use it. The following story reminds us that every minute has value.

---

Main Text

The Clockmaker's Secret

In a quiet village there lived an old clockmaker named Stefan. His small shop was filled with clocks of every shape and size. Some were large enough to stand on the floor, while others were small enough to fit into a pocket. Every clock kept perfect time.

People often asked Stefan why his clocks were so reliable.

"My secret is simple," he would answer with a smile. "I take care of small problems before they become big ones."

One afternoon, a young apprentice came to work with him.

"I want to learn how to repair clocks," the boy said.

Stefan nodded and handed him a beautiful old clock.

The apprentice looked at the tiny gears inside and sighed.

"There are too many parts," he complained.

Stefan replied, "Never try to repair the whole clock at once. Understand one piece, then the next. Small improvements lead to great results."

For several months, the apprentice followed his teacher's advice. He cleaned one wheel, adjusted one spring, and polished one tiny screw at a time. Gradually, he understood how every small part worked together.

Years later, the apprentice opened a workshop of his own. Above the entrance he placed a simple sign:

Great work begins with careful attention to small things.

Whenever customers admired his work, he remembered Stefan's lesson. He realized that the secret had never been about clocks. It had always been about life.

---

Comprehension Questions

A. Answer the Questions

1. What was Stefan's profession?

2. Why did people admire his clocks?

3. What secret did Stefan share?

4. Who came to learn from him?

5. Why did the apprentice become discouraged?

6. What advice did Stefan give him?

7. How long did the apprentice study with Stefan?

8. What sign did he place above his workshop?

9. What did he finally understand?

10. What is the main message of the story?

---

B. True or False

1. Stefan lived in a large city.

2. His shop contained many different clocks.

3. The apprentice repaired the clock immediately.

4. Stefan believed that small improvements were important.

5. The story is really about life as much as about clocks.

---

Vocabulary Practice

Match the words with their meanings.

1. apprentice

2. reliable

3. gradually

4. adjust

5. workshop

a. a place where things are made or repaired

b. slowly over time

c. someone learning a trade from an experienced person

d. dependable

e. to make something work better by changing it slightly

---

Grammar Practice

A. Present Perfect or Simple Past

Choose the correct answer.

1. Stefan ______ clocks for many years.
   (repaired / has repaired)

2. The apprentice ______ to the shop one afternoon.
   (came / has come)

3. He ______ a great deal since he began learning.
   (learned / has learned)

4. Stefan ______ him excellent advice.
   (gave / has given)

5. They ______ together for several months.
   (worked / have worked)

---

B. Relative Clauses

Join the sentences using who, which, or that.

1. Stefan was an old clockmaker. He taught many people.

2. The apprentice repaired a clock. The clock was very old.

3. The shop contained clocks. The clocks kept perfect time.

4. The lesson changed his life. The lesson was unforgettable.

5. Customers admired the workshop. It became famous in the village.

---

Discussion

Discuss these questions with a partner.

1. Why are small details important?

2. Have you ever learned a skill step by step?

3. What difficult task became easier when you divided it into smaller parts?

4. Which quality is more important: talent or patience? Why?

---

Writing Task

Small Steps Toward Success

Write 150–180 words on the following topic:

"A Skill I Would Like to Master."

Include:

• What the skill is.

• Why you want to learn it.

• The small steps you will take.

• The difficulties you may face.

• How you will know you have succeeded.

Try to use:

• at least three linking words (however, therefore, although, finally, because);

• two relative clauses;

• one Present Perfect sentence.

 

Home and Responsibility

Preface

Read the passage carefully before answering the questions. Think about the ideas as well as the language. Then complete the grammar exercise and finish with the writing task using your own ideas.

---

Main Reading (≈200 words)

Many people believe that a house becomes a home because of the people who live in it rather than its size or appearance. Every family has different routines and responsibilities, but working together often creates a happier and more peaceful environment.

Emma lives with her parents and her younger brother. During the week, everyone has a small job to do. Emma sets the table before dinner, her brother waters the flowers, and their father takes out the rubbish. Their mother enjoys cooking, but everyone helps clean the kitchen after the meal. These simple tasks save time and teach the children that every family member is important.

At weekends, the family usually works together in the garden. They plant flowers, cut the grass, and sometimes grow vegetables. After finishing the work, they often sit outside, drink tea, and talk about their plans for the following week.

Emma says that helping at home has taught her valuable lessons. She has learned to be responsible, to respect other people's work, and to understand that cooperation makes everyday life easier. Although household chores are not always exciting, they help build stronger relationships and prepare young people for adult life.

---

Section 1 – Reading Comprehension

1. Why does the writer say that a house becomes a home?

2. What household job does Emma do every day?

3. Why does the family work together in the garden?

4. What lessons has Emma learned from helping at home?

5. What is the main message of the passage?

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Section 2 – Grammar (Present Simple vs. Present Continuous)

Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1. Emma usually __________ (set) the table before dinner.

2. Look! Her brother __________ (water) the flowers now.

3. Their parents __________ (work) in the garden every weekend.

4. This afternoon they __________ (plant) new flowers.

5. The family always __________ (help) one another.

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Section 3 – Writing

Write 80–120 words.

Describe how responsibilities are shared in your home.

Include:

• who lives with you,

• what jobs each person does,

• which task you like most,

• why working together is important.

 

The Strength of Keeping Your Word

Preface

People are remembered not only for what they know but also for what they do. One of the qualities that earns lasting respect is reliability—the habit of keeping one's promises. Whether we are students, teachers, friends, or family members, our words have value only when our actions support them. The following story shows how one simple promise changed a young person's life.

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Main Text

The Strength of Keeping Your Word

Daniel was one of the brightest students in his class. He answered questions confidently, completed difficult exercises, and enjoyed helping his classmates. However, he had one habit that often disappointed people. He frequently promised to do things but forgot about them a few days later.

One Monday, his grandfather asked him to water a young apple tree while he was away visiting relatives.

"It only needs a few minutes each evening," his grandfather said.

Daniel smiled and replied, "Don't worry. I'll take care of it."

The first evening, Daniel remembered immediately. On the second evening, he almost forgot but watered the tree just before sunset. By the third day, he was busy playing football with his friends and completely forgot his promise.

Several days later, his grandfather returned home. The tree had not died, but its leaves looked dry and weak.

His grandfather said nothing for a moment. Then he quietly asked,

"Daniel, which is easier: making a promise or keeping one?"

Daniel lowered his head.

"Making one," he answered softly.

His grandfather nodded.

"Most people can make promises. The people others truly trust are those who keep them."

Those words stayed with Daniel for many years. From that day onward, whenever he agreed to do something, he wrote it in a small notebook and completed it before doing anything else.

Months later, his teachers noticed that he always finished his work on time. His friends knew they could depend on him, and his family trusted him with greater responsibilities.

Looking back, Daniel often smiled when he thought about the little apple tree. It had grown into a strong tree, just as his sense of responsibility had grown inside him.

---

Comprehension Questions

A. Answer the Questions

1. What was Daniel good at?

2. What weakness did he have?

3. What did his grandfather ask him to do?

4. Why did Daniel forget his promise?

5. What happened to the apple tree?

6. What question did the grandfather ask?

7. How did Daniel change his habits?

8. What changes did other people notice?

9. Why did Daniel remember the apple tree years later?

10. What is the main lesson of the story?

---

B. True or False

1. Daniel disliked studying English.

2. His grandfather asked him to water a tree.

3. Daniel remembered every evening.

4. The grandfather became very angry.

5. Daniel became more responsible after the experience.

---

Vocabulary Practice

Match the words with their meanings.

1. reliability

2. responsibility

3. depend on

4. weak

5. promise

a. something you say you will do

b. not strong

c. to trust someone to do what is expected

d. the quality of being dependable

e. the duty to take care of something

---

Grammar Practice

A. Present Perfect or Simple Past

Choose the correct answer.

1. Daniel ______ his grandfather many times before.
   (has helped / helped)

2. Last Monday, he ______ to water the tree.
   (promised / has promised)

3. His teachers ______ a great change in him.
   (noticed / have noticed)

4. He ______ much more responsible since then.
   (became / has become)

5. His grandfather ______ home a few days later.
   (returned / has returned)

---

B. Conditional Sentences (First Conditional)

Complete the sentences.

1. If you keep your promises, people ______ (trust) you.

2. If Daniel forgets his duties again, he ______ (learn) another lesson.

3. If we are responsible, others ______ (respect) us.

4. If you water a tree regularly, it ______ (grow).

5. If students study consistently, they ______ (improve).

---

Discussion

Discuss these questions with a partner.

1. Why is it important to keep promises?

2. Have you ever forgotten an important promise?

3. How do people earn trust?

4. Is it difficult to become more responsible? Why or why not?

5. What small promise can you make to yourself this week?

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Writing Task

A Promise I Will Keep

Write 150–180 words.

Include:

• A promise you have made or want to make.

• Why it is important.

• What difficulties you may face.

• How you plan to keep your promise.

• What you hope to achieve.

Try to use:

• at least three linking words (however, therefore, although, finally, because);

• two examples;

• at least two first conditional sentences.

 

The Empty Bench

Preface

In every school there are places that become special because of the memories they hold. A classroom, a library, or even a simple bench in the schoolyard can remind us of friendship, kindness, and important life lessons. Sometimes the greatest teachers are not found only in books but also in everyday experiences. As you read the story, think about this question:

How can one person's actions influence many others?

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Main Text

The Empty Bench

Every morning, before the first lesson began, an elderly man sat on the same wooden bench outside the school. He greeted every student with a smile and wished each of them a good day. Some students smiled back, while others hurried past without paying much attention.

No one knew very much about him. The teachers simply called him "Grandfather Niko." He never interrupted classes or spoke loudly. Instead, he quietly watched students arrive and leave each day.

One rainy morning, the bench was empty.

The students noticed it immediately.

"Where is Grandfather Niko?" one girl asked.

The headteacher explained that he had become ill and was resting at home.

During the following weeks, something unexpected happened. Students who had rarely spoken to one another began greeting each other every morning. Some helped younger children carry their schoolbags. Others picked up litter from the playground without being asked.

One teacher smiled and said, "Perhaps Grandfather Niko has taught his greatest lesson without entering a classroom."

A month later, the old man returned.

As he approached the school, dozens of students welcomed him with applause. They told him how much they had missed his cheerful greeting.

Grandfather Niko looked around and noticed the clean playground, the smiling faces, and the friendly atmosphere.

"It seems," he said quietly, "that the bench was never important. What mattered was the kindness that began there."

From that day onward, the students understood that kindness is like a light. When one person shares it, many others begin to shine as well.

---

Comprehension Questions

A. Answer the Questions

1. Where did Grandfather Niko sit every morning?

2. How did he greet the students?

3. Why was the bench empty one morning?

4. What changes did the students make while he was away?

5. What did one teacher say about Grandfather Niko?

6. How did the students welcome him back?

7. According to Grandfather Niko, what was more important than the bench?

8. What is the main message of the story?

B. True or False

1. Grandfather Niko taught English classes.

2. He greeted students every morning.

3. The students ignored his absence.

4. The playground became cleaner while he was away.

5. Kindness inspired other acts of kindness.

---

Vocabulary Practice

Match the words with their meanings.

1. greeted

2. interrupted

3. atmosphere

4. applause

5. inspired

a. clapping to show appreciation

b. welcomed someone

c. encouraged someone to act

d. the feeling or mood in a place

e. stopped something while it was happening

---

Grammar Practice

A. Past Simple and Past Continuous

Choose the correct form.

1. Grandfather Niko ______ (sat / was sitting) on the bench every morning.

2. The students ______ (were arriving / arrived) when he greeted them.

3. It ______ (was raining / rained) when the bench was empty.

4. The children ______ (helped / were helping) younger students during his absence.

5. Everyone ______ (clapped / was clapping) when he returned.

B. Passive Voice

Rewrite the sentences in the passive voice.

1. The students cleaned the playground.

2. The teachers welcomed Grandfather Niko.

3. The children carried the schoolbags.

4. Someone repaired the old bench.

5. The students remembered his kindness.

---

Discussion

Discuss these questions with a partner.

1. Why do small acts of kindness matter?

2. Can one person change the atmosphere of a school?

3. Who has inspired you through simple actions?

4. What act of kindness could you do this week?

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Writing Task

A Person Who Made a Difference

Write 150–180 words about someone who has influenced your life.

Include:

• Who the person is.

• What he or she did.

• How that person influenced you.

• What lesson you learned.

Try to use:

• at least two examples of the Past Continuous;

• one passive sentence;

• three linking words (however, therefore, although, meanwhile, finally).

 

The Lamp in the Window

Level: B1–B2
Theme: Kindness, Responsibility, Community, Hope
Skills: Reading, Vocabulary, Grammar, Speaking, Writing

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Preface

In life, we often admire people who achieve great things.

However, some of the most important people are those who quietly help others without expecting praise, rewards, or recognition.

Their actions may seem small, but they can change lives.

As you read this story, think about the following question:

Can a small act of kindness have a lasting impact?

---

Main Text

The Lamp in the Window

Many years ago, in a small village surrounded by hills, there lived an elderly woman named Elira.

Her house stood at the edge of the village, near a narrow road that crossed the countryside.

Every evening, just before sunset, Elira placed an oil lamp in her front window.

The warm light could be seen from far away.

People often wondered why she did this.

After all, electricity had already arrived in the village, and most families used electric lights inside their homes.

One autumn evening, a young traveller arrived after dark.

He had lost his way and was unable to find the village road.

The night was cold, and thick clouds covered the moon.

As he searched for the correct path, he noticed a small light shining in the distance.

He followed it.

Eventually, he reached Elira’s house.

The woman welcomed him warmly and offered him food and tea.

Before leaving the next morning, the traveller thanked her.

“That lamp saved me last night,” he said.

Elira smiled.

“My father taught me to place it there,” she replied.

“He believed that somebody might need it one day.”

Years passed.

The traveller became a successful businessman.

Although he lived far away, he never forgot the woman and her lamp.

One winter, he returned to the village.

To his sadness, he learned that Elira had passed away.

However, he also noticed something unusual.

Many houses now had lamps in their windows.

When he asked why, an old neighbour explained:

“Elira's light helped many people through the years. After she died, we decided to continue her tradition.”

The traveller looked around.

Dozens of small lights shone across the village.

At that moment, he understood an important truth:

A good deed does not end when the person who started it is gone.

Sometimes it continues to shine through others.

---

Vocabulary

Word	Meaning
surrounded	having something all around
traveller	a person who is travelling
narrow	not wide
path	a route or way
welcomed	received kindly
successful	achieving desired results
tradition	a custom passed from one generation to another
deed	an action

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Comprehension Questions

A. Answer in complete sentences.

1. Where did Elira live?
2. What did she place in her window every evening?
3. Why did the traveller follow the light?
4. How did Elira help him?
5. What lesson had Elira learned from her father?
6. What happened after Elira died?
7. Why did other villagers place lamps in their windows?
8. What is the main message of the story?

---

B. True or False

1. Elira lived in a large city.
2. The traveller was lost at night.
3. Elira refused to help him.
4. The traveller forgot about Elira.
5. The villagers continued her tradition.

---

Grammar Practice

Passive Voice

Rewrite the sentences in the passive voice.

1. Elira placed the lamp in the window.
2. The light guided the traveller.
3. The villagers continued the tradition.
4. People remembered Elira's kindness.
5. The businessman visited the village.

---

Relative Clauses

Combine the sentences.

Example:

Elira lived in a house. The house stood near the road.
→ Elira lived in a house which stood near the road.

1. The traveller met a woman. The woman helped him.
2. He followed a light. The light was shining in the distance.
3. The village had many houses. The houses displayed lamps.
4. Elira taught a lesson. The lesson inspired the villagers.
5. The neighbour explained the tradition. The neighbour had known Elira for years.

---

Discussion

1. Why do small acts of kindness matter?
2. Have you ever received help from a stranger?
3. Can one person influence an entire community?
4. What traditions in your town should be preserved?

---

Writing Task

180–220 words

“A Light for Others”

Write about a person whose actions helped others in a meaningful way.

Include:

• At least two passive voice sentences
• At least two relative clauses
• At least three linking words (however, therefore, although, moreover, nevertheless)

 

The Bridge of Trust

Preface

Every day, people depend on one another. Families, friends, teachers, students, and neighbors all build relationships through trust. Trust is not created in a single moment; it grows slowly through honesty, responsibility, and kindness. The following story shows how trust can be built and how easily it can be lost.

---

Main Text

The Bridge of Trust

In a small town near a beautiful lake, there lived a boy named Ardit. He was intelligent and friendly, but he had one weakness: he often made promises that he did not keep.

One day, Ardit borrowed a book from his teacher. He promised to return it within a week. However, he forgot about it and left it at a friend's house. When the teacher asked for the book, Ardit invented an excuse instead of telling the truth.

A few days later, he found the book and returned it. Although the teacher accepted the book, she was disappointed because Ardit had not been honest.

Months passed. Ardit began to realize that people were becoming less willing to rely on him. His friends hesitated when he offered help. Even his younger brother preferred to ask someone else for advice.

One afternoon, Ardit spoke with his grandfather, who listened carefully to his concerns.

"Trust is like a bridge," his grandfather explained. "Every honest action adds a strong stone to the bridge. Every lie removes one. If too many stones disappear, the bridge becomes unsafe."

The words remained in Ardit's mind. From that day forward, he decided to be truthful, even when it was difficult. When he made mistakes, he admitted them. When he gave his word, he kept it.

Slowly, people noticed the change. His friends began to trust him again. His teacher praised his honesty, and his brother started asking for his advice.

Years later, Ardit remembered his grandfather's lesson. He understood that trust, once damaged, can be repaired, but only through patience and consistent effort.

---

Comprehension Questions

Answer the Questions

1. What weakness did Ardit have?

2. What did he borrow from his teacher?

3. Why was the teacher disappointed?

4. What change did Ardit notice in his relationships?

5. Who gave him advice?

6. What did the grandfather compare trust to?

7. What happened when Ardit became more honest?

8. What lesson did Ardit learn?

True or False

1. Ardit always kept his promises.

2. He lost the borrowed book permanently.

3. The teacher was pleased with his excuse.

4. Ardit's grandfather compared trust to a bridge.

5. Trust can be repaired through effort and patience.

---

Vocabulary Practice

Match the words with their meanings.

1. honest

2. rely on

3. hesitate

4. consistent

5. effort

a. hard work
b. dependable and regular
c. to depend on someone
d. truthful
e. to pause because of uncertainty

---

Grammar Practice

Present Perfect or Simple Past

Choose the correct answer.

1. Ardit ______ the book last month.
   (borrowed / has borrowed)

2. He ______ many important lessons since then.
   (learned / has learned)

3. His grandfather ______ him valuable advice.
   (gave / has given)

4. People ______ him more in recent years.
   (trusted / have trusted)

5. He ______ to become more responsible.
   (decided / has decided)

---

Reported Speech

Rewrite the sentences in reported speech.

1. Grandfather said, "Trust is like a bridge."

2. Ardit said, "I will be more honest."

3. The teacher said, "You must tell the truth."

4. His friend said, "I trust you."

5. Ardit said, "I made a mistake."

---

Discussion

1. Why is trust important?

2. Is it easy to regain trust after losing it?

3. Have you ever broken a promise?

4. What qualities make a person trustworthy?

---

Writing Task

Write 120–150 words on the topic:

"A Time When Honesty Was Important"

Include:

• What happened

• Why honesty mattered

• How people reacted

• What you learned from the experience

Use clear paragraphs and suitable linking words.

 

The Garden That Taught a Lesson

Preface

Many people think a garden is simply a place where flowers and vegetables grow. However, a garden can also teach us important lessons about patience, responsibility, and respect for nature. The following text tells the story of a teacher who discovered that a small garden could become a classroom without walls.

---

Main Text

The Garden That Taught a Lesson

For many years, Mr. Naf taught English to children in a small town. His classroom was full of books, maps, and posters, but he often felt that his students learned best when they could connect their lessons with real life.

One spring, he decided to create a small garden beside the school. The students helped him prepare the soil, plant seeds, and water the young plants. At first, some of them complained because the work seemed slow and difficult. They expected to see flowers and vegetables immediately.

Days passed, and nothing appeared above the ground. A few students began to lose interest. Nevertheless, Mr. Naf encouraged them to continue caring for the garden. He explained that many worthwhile things require patience.

Several weeks later, the first green shoots appeared. The students were excited. They measured the plants, kept records, and even wrote short reports about their observations. The garden became part of their science, mathematics, and English lessons.

As the months went by, the students learned much more than gardening. They learned that success often comes from consistent effort rather than luck. They discovered that every plant depended on water, sunlight, and care. Most importantly, they realised that nature rewards those who respect it.

By the end of summer, the garden was full of colourful flowers and healthy vegetables. The students proudly showed their work to their families. Many of them later said that the garden had taught them one of the most valuable lessons of all: good things grow slowly, but they are worth waiting for.

---

Comprehension Questions

A. Answer the Questions

1. What did Mr. Naf teach?

2. Why did he decide to create a garden?

3. How did the students help at the beginning?

4. Why did some students complain?

5. What happened after several weeks?

6. How did the garden become part of different subjects?

7. What lesson did the students learn about success?

8. What was the most valuable lesson mentioned in the text?

B. True or False

1. The students immediately saw flowers growing.

2. Some students lost interest after a few days.

3. The garden was used only for science lessons.

4. The students kept records of their observations.

5. The garden was unsuccessful by the end of summer.

---

Vocabulary Practice

Match the words with their meanings.

1. worthwhile

2. consistent

3. observation

4. patience

5. reward

a. careful watching
b. something valuable or useful
c. regular and steady
d. the ability to wait calmly
e. something received for good work

---

Grammar Practice

Present Perfect vs. Simple Past

Choose the correct form.

1. The students ______ (plant / planted) the seeds last spring.

2. Mr. Hoxha ______ (has taught / taught) English for many years.

3. The plants ______ (have grown / grew) a lot since May.

4. They ______ (measured / have measured) the plants yesterday.

5. The students ______ (have learned / learned) many lessons from the garden.

Passive Voice

Rewrite the sentences in the passive voice.

1. The students planted the seeds.

2. Mr. Naf created the garden.

3. The children watered the plants.

4. The families admired the garden.

5. The students wrote reports.

---

Discussion

Discuss with a partner:

1. Have you ever grown a plant?

2. What qualities are necessary for success?

3. Can nature teach people important lessons? Why?

4. What would you plant in a school garden?

---

Writing Task

Write 120–150 words on the following topic:

"A Lesson I Learned Outside the Classroom."

Describe:

• where it happened,

• what happened,

• what you learned,

• why you still remember it today.

Use clear paragraphs and give specific examples.

Small steps

 

The Value of Small Steps

Preface

Many people dream of achieving great things in life. They want to learn a language, build a successful career, improve their health, or master a new skill. However, large goals often seem difficult and distant. Successful people understand an important secret: great achievements usually begin with small daily actions. The following text illustrates how persistence and patience can lead to remarkable results.

---

Main Text

The Value of Small Steps

When people look at a tall tree, they rarely think about its beginning. Yet every giant tree once started as a tiny seed hidden beneath the soil.

A young man named Adrian learned this lesson when he decided to improve his English. At first, he was enthusiastic and spent several hours studying every day. However, after a few weeks, he became tired and discouraged. He felt that his progress was too slow.

One evening, while walking through a nearby park, Adrian noticed an elderly gardener watering young plants. Curious, he stopped and asked the man how long it would take for the small trees to become large and strong.

The gardener smiled and replied, "Many years. Growth is slow, but every day matters."

The answer stayed in Adrian's mind. He realized that he had been focusing too much on immediate results instead of consistent effort. From that day forward, he changed his approach. Rather than studying for several hours occasionally, he studied for thirty minutes every day.

Months passed. His vocabulary expanded, his pronunciation improved, and he became more confident when speaking English. Although the daily improvement was often difficult to notice, the overall progress was remarkable.

Several years later, Adrian looked back and understood what the gardener had meant. Success is rarely the result of one extraordinary effort. More often, it is the result of many small steps repeated consistently over time.

Today, whenever Adrian faces a difficult challenge, he remembers the young trees in the park and the lesson they taught him: small steps, taken every day, can eventually lead to extraordinary destinations.

---

Comprehension Questions

A. Answer the Questions

1. What comparison is made in the first paragraph?

2. What did Adrian want to improve?

3. Why did he become discouraged?

4. Whom did Adrian meet in the park?

5. What was the gardener doing?

6. What advice did the gardener give?

7. How did Adrian change his study habits?

8. What improvements did Adrian notice?

9. What lesson did he learn about success?

10. What does he remember when facing challenges today?

---

B. True or False

1. Adrian wanted to improve his mathematics.

2. He was satisfied with his progress at the beginning.

3. The gardener was planting flowers.

4. Adrian later studied a little every day.

5. The story suggests that success often comes from consistency.

---

Vocabulary Practice

Match the words with their meanings.

Word	Meaning
1. discouraged	a. unusual and impressive
2. consistent	b. losing confidence or hope
3. remarkable	c. regular and dependable
4. approach	d. a method or way of doing something
5. eventually	e. after a period of time

---

Grammar Practice

Present Perfect vs. Simple Past

Choose the correct answer.

1. Adrian ______ English for several years.
   (studied / has studied)

2. He ______ the gardener in the park one evening.
   (met / has met)

3. His vocabulary ______ greatly since then.
   (improved / has improved)

4. The gardener ______ him valuable advice.
   (gave / has given)

5. Adrian ______ more confident recently.
   (became / has become)

---

Relative Clauses

Combine the sentences using who, which, or that.

1. Adrian met a gardener. The gardener gave him advice.

2. The trees were small. The trees would become strong.

3. He followed a method. The method improved his English.

4. The lesson was valuable. The lesson changed his attitude.

5. He met a man. The man worked in the park.

---

Discussion

Discuss the following questions with a partner:

1. Do you agree that small daily actions are important?

2. What skill would you like to improve?

3. Have you ever achieved something through patience and persistence?

4. Why do people sometimes give up too quickly?

5. What is one small step you can take today toward a future goal?

---

Writing Task

A Goal I Achieved Through Persistence

Write 150–180 words about a goal that you achieved or hope to achieve.

Include:

• What the goal was or is.

• Why it is important to you.

• The difficulties you faced.

• The small steps you took or plan to take.

• What you learned from the experience.

Use clear paragraphs and appropriate linking words such as:
first, however, therefore, because, although, finally, and as a result.

93/100 idioms to learn during this semester

 93. Just what the doctor ordered

1. Meaning: exactly what someone needs.
   Example: A quiet weekend was just what the doctor ordered.
   Albanian: pikërisht ajo që duhej. 

Keep your word

 

The Strength of Keeping Your Word

Preface

People are remembered not only for what they know but also for what they do. One of the qualities that earns lasting respect is reliability—the habit of keeping one's promises. Whether we are students, teachers, friends, or family members, our words have value only when our actions support them. The following story shows how one simple promise changed a young person's life.

---

Main Text

The Strength of Keeping Your Word

Daniel was one of the brightest students in his class. He answered questions confidently, completed difficult exercises, and enjoyed helping his classmates. However, he had one habit that often disappointed people. He frequently promised to do things but forgot about them a few days later.

One Monday, his grandfather asked him to water a young apple tree while he was away visiting relatives.

"It only needs a few minutes each evening," his grandfather said.

Daniel smiled and replied, "Don't worry. I'll take care of it."

The first evening, Daniel remembered immediately. On the second evening, he almost forgot but watered the tree just before sunset. By the third day, he was busy playing football with his friends and completely forgot his promise.

Several days later, his grandfather returned home. The tree had not died, but its leaves looked dry and weak.

His grandfather said nothing for a moment. Then he quietly asked,

"Daniel, which is easier: making a promise or keeping one?"

Daniel lowered his head.

"Making one," he answered softly.

His grandfather nodded.

"Most people can make promises. The people others truly trust are those who keep them."

Those words stayed with Daniel for many years. From that day onward, whenever he agreed to do something, he wrote it in a small notebook and completed it before doing anything else.

Months later, his teachers noticed that he always finished his work on time. His friends knew they could depend on him, and his family trusted him with greater responsibilities.

Looking back, Daniel often smiled when he thought about the little apple tree. It had grown into a strong tree, just as his sense of responsibility had grown inside him.

---

Comprehension Questions

A. Answer the Questions

1. What was Daniel good at?

2. What weakness did he have?

3. What did his grandfather ask him to do?

4. Why did Daniel forget his promise?

5. What happened to the apple tree?

6. What question did the grandfather ask?

7. How did Daniel change his habits?

8. What changes did other people notice?

9. Why did Daniel remember the apple tree years later?

10. What is the main lesson of the story?

---

B. True or False

1. Daniel disliked studying English.

2. His grandfather asked him to water a tree.

3. Daniel remembered every evening.

4. The grandfather became very angry.

5. Daniel became more responsible after the experience.

---

Vocabulary Practice

Match the words with their meanings.

1. reliability

2. responsibility

3. depend on

4. weak

5. promise

a. something you say you will do

b. not strong

c. to trust someone to do what is expected

d. the quality of being dependable

e. the duty to take care of something

---

Grammar Practice

A. Present Perfect or Simple Past

Choose the correct answer.

1. Daniel ______ his grandfather many times before.
   (has helped / helped)

2. Last Monday, he ______ to water the tree.
   (promised / has promised)

3. His teachers ______ a great change in him.
   (noticed / have noticed)

4. He ______ much more responsible since then.
   (became / has become)

5. His grandfather ______ home a few days later.
   (returned / has returned)

---

B. Conditional Sentences (First Conditional)

Complete the sentences.

1. If you keep your promises, people ______ (trust) you.

2. If Daniel forgets his duties again, he ______ (learn) another lesson.

3. If we are responsible, others ______ (respect) us.

4. If you water a tree regularly, it ______ (grow).

5. If students study consistently, they ______ (improve).

---

Discussion

Discuss these questions with a partner.

1. Why is it important to keep promises?

2. Have you ever forgotten an important promise?

3. How do people earn trust?

4. Is it difficult to become more responsible? Why or why not?

5. What small promise can you make to yourself this week?

---

Writing Task

A Promise I Will Keep

Write 150–180 words.

Include:

• A promise you have made or want to make.

• Why it is important.

• What difficulties you may face.

• How you plan to keep your promise.

• What you hope to achieve.

Try to use:

• at least three linking words (however, therefore, although, finally, because);

• two examples;

• at least two first conditional sentences.

 

The Power of a Good Question

Preface

People often believe that knowledge comes from having all the answers. However, many discoveries have begun with a simple question. Scientists, inventors, teachers, and students all improve by asking thoughtful questions. Curiosity encourages us to explore new ideas, solve problems, and understand the world more deeply. The following story reminds us that asking the right question can sometimes be more valuable than giving the right answer.

---

Main Text

The Power of a Good Question

Every Friday afternoon, Mr. Leka asked his English class one unusual question before the students went home. Sometimes the question was simple, such as, "What made you smile this week?" At other times, it required careful thought: "If you could change one thing in your town, what would it be?"

At first, many students found these questions difficult. They searched for the "correct" answer because they believed that every classroom question had only one solution.

One day, a quiet student named Sara raised her hand and asked, "What if there isn't a correct answer?"

The teacher smiled.

"Then," he replied, "your job is not to guess what I am thinking. Your job is to think for yourself."

From that moment, the atmosphere in the classroom began to change. Students became more willing to express their opinions. They listened carefully to one another, asked follow-up questions, and explained their ideas with confidence.

As the weeks passed, they noticed something surprising. Their English improved, not simply because they had memorized more vocabulary, but because they had learned how to organize their thoughts and communicate them clearly.

At the end of the school year, Mr. Leka asked one final question:

"What is the most important thing you have learned this year?"

Many students mentioned grammar, vocabulary, or pronunciation. Sara answered differently.

"I learned that a good question can open a door that a simple answer never could."

The teacher nodded with satisfaction. He knew that his students had learned much more than English.

---

Comprehension Questions

A. Answer the Questions

1. What did Mr. Leka ask his students every Friday?

2. Why did many students find the questions difficult?

3. What question did Sara ask?

4. How did the teacher respond?

5. How did the classroom atmosphere change?

6. Besides vocabulary, what else helped the students improve their English?

7. What was the teacher's final question?

8. What lesson did Sara learn?

---

B. True or False

1. Mr. Leka asked the same question every Friday.

2. The students believed there was always only one correct answer.

3. Sara was usually a very talkative student.

4. The students became more confident during the year.

5. The teacher believed English was the only thing his students had learned.

---

Vocabulary Practice

Match the words with their meanings.

1. curiosity

2. atmosphere

3. confidence

4. express

5. organize

a. to arrange in a clear order

b. to communicate ideas or feelings

c. the feeling or mood in a place

d. the desire to learn or discover

e. belief in your own ability

---

Grammar Practice

A. Present Perfect or Simple Past

Choose the correct form.

1. The students ______ many interesting questions this year.
   (have asked / asked)

2. Sara ______ her hand during the lesson.
   (raised / has raised)

3. The class ______ more confident since September.
   (became / has become)

4. Mr. Leka ______ English for many years.
   (has taught / taught)

5. They ______ their final lesson yesterday.
   (finished / have finished)

---

B. Reported Speech

Rewrite the sentences in reported speech.

1. Sara said, "What if there isn't a correct answer?"

2. Mr. Leka said, "Think for yourself."

3. A student said, "I enjoyed today's lesson."

4. The teacher said, "Ask another question."

5. Sara said, "I learned something important."

---

Discussion

Discuss these questions with a partner.

1. Why are questions important?

2. Is it better to memorize facts or understand ideas?

3. What is the best question a teacher has ever asked you?

4. What question would you ask the whole class?

---

Writing Task

The Best Question I Have Ever Been Asked

Write 150–180 words.

Include:

• Who asked the question.

• What the question was.

• Why it was important.

• How it changed your thinking.

• What you learned from it.

Try to use:

• at least three linking words (however, therefore, although, because, finally);

• two examples;

• one reported speech sentence.

92/100 idioms to learn during June 2026 semester

 92. Jump through hoops

1. Meaning: to do many difficult or annoying things to achieve something.
   Example: We had to jump through hoops to get the documents ready.
   Albanian: të kalosh shumë pengesa / të bësh shumë mundime.

91/100 idioms to know in English

91. Jack of all trades

1. Meaning: a person who can do many different things.
   Example: My uncle fixes cars, paints houses, and repairs phones. He is a jack of all trades.
   Albanian: njeri që di të bëjë nga të gjitha.

90/100 idiom to learn how to use during this semester.

 90. Join the club

1. Meaning: used when someone has the same problem as others.
2. Example: “I’m tired of homework.” “Join the club!”
3. Albanian: edhe unë / edhe ne të tjerët jemi njësoj.

89/100 idioms to learn during this semester

89. Jump the gun

1. Meaning: to do something too early, before the right time.
   
   
2. Example: Don’t jump the gun; wait until the teacher gives instructions. 

1. Albanian: nxitohesh para kohe.

MIni test for idioms this Sunday

1. Choose the correct idiom:

1. We are all facing the same problem.
   • a) In hot water
   • b) In the same boat
   • c) In black and white
2. The contract is written clearly.
   • a) In black and white
   • b) In hot water
   • c) Iron out the details
3. The task is easy.
   • a) It's not rocket science
   • b) In hot water
   • c) In the same boat

88/100 idioms to learn during this semester

88. In black and white

Meaning

Written clearly on paper.

Albanian Equivalent

E shkruar qartë
or
Me shkrim

Examples

1. I want the agreement in black and white.
   • Dua që marrëveshja të jetë me shkrim.
2. The rules are written in black and white.
   • Rregullat janë të shkruara qartë.

87/100 idioms to learn during this semester.

 

87. Iron out the details

Meaning

To solve the small remaining problems.

Albanian Equivalent

Të rregullosh detajet
or
Të zgjidhësh hollësitë e mbetura

Examples

1. We still need to iron out a few details before the wedding.
   • Ende duhet të rregullojmë disa detaje para dasmës.
2. The managers met to iron out the final details of the project.
   • Menaxherët u takuan për të zgjidhur detajet e fundit të projektit.

86/100 idioms to learn during this semester

 

86. It's not rocket science

Meaning

It is not very difficult.

Albanian Equivalent

Nuk është ndonjë shkencë e madhe
or
Nuk është aq e vështirë

Examples

1. Learning to use this phone is not rocket science.
   • Të mësosh të përdorësh këtë telefon nuk është ndonjë shkencë e madhe.
2. Come on! It's not rocket science.
   • Hajde! Nuk është aq e vështirë.

85/100 idioms to learn how to use them correctly.

 

85.In the same boat

Meaning

To be in the same difficult situation as someone else.

Albanian Equivalent

Në të njëjtën situatë
or
Në të njëjtën barkë

Examples

1. Don't worry. We are all in the same boat.
   • Mos u shqetëso. Të gjithë jemi në të njëjtën situatë.
2. The students are in the same boat before the final exam.
   • Nxënësit janë në të njëjtën situatë para provimit përfundimtar.

84/100 idioms to learn during this semester

 

84. In hot water

Meaning

To be in trouble or difficulty.

Albanian Equivalent

Në telashe
or
Në hall

Examples

1. John is in hot water because he missed the exam.
   • Xhoni është në telashe sepse humbi provimin.
2. The boy got into hot water after breaking the window.
   • Djali ra në telashe pasi theu dritaren.

83/100 idioms to learn how to use during this semester

 

83. In the same boat

Meaning

To be in the same difficult situation as someone else.

Albanian Equivalent

Në të njëjtën situatë
or
Në të njëjtën barkë

Examples

1. Don't worry. We are all in the same boat.
   • Mos u shqetëso. Të gjithë jemi në të njëjtën situatë.
2. The students are in the same boat before the final exam.
   • Nxënësit janë në të njëjtën situatë para provimit përfundimtar.

82/100 idioms and how to use them

 

82. In hot water

Meaning

To be in trouble or difficulty.

Albanian Equivalent

Në telashe
or
Në hall

Examples

1. John is in hot water because he missed the exam.
   • Xhoni është në telashe sepse humbi provimin.
2. The boy got into hot water after breaking the window.
   • Djali ra në telashe pasi theu dritaren.

 82. Jack of all trades

Meaning: someone who can do many things.
Kuptimi: person që di të bëjë shumë gjëra.

Albanian equivalent:
I zoti për shumë punë.

Examples

He is a jack of all trades.
Ai është i zoti për shumë punë.

My father is a jack of all trades.
Babai im di të bëjë shumë gjëra.

81/100 idioms and how to use them

 

81. Jog someone’s memory

Meaning: help someone remember.
Kuptimi: t’i kujtosh dikujt diçka.

Albanian equivalent:
T’i freskosh kujtesën.

Examples

This photo jogged my memory.
Kjo foto ma freskoi kujtesën.

Let me jog your memory.
Të ta freskoj kujtesën.

120/120 mistakes not to make during 2026

  120. Yes and no

120. Yes dhe no

• Incorrect: “Aren’t you going out?”
• Gabim: “A nuk po del jashtë?”

“Yes, I’m not.”
“Po, nuk po dal.”

---

• Correct: “Aren’t you going out?”
• Saktë: “A nuk po del jashtë?”

“No, I’m not.”
“Jo, nuk po dal.”

---

• Correct: “Aren’t you going out?”
• Saktë: “A nuk po del jashtë?”

“Yes, I am.”
“Po, po dal.”

---

Yes is used with affirmative sentences and no with negative sentences.
Yes përdoret me fjali pohore dhe no me fjali mohore.

---

Easy classroom explanation

Shpjegim i thjeshtë për klasën

Many Albanian students become confused because English answers the fact, not the form of the question.

Shumë nxënës shqiptarë ngatërrohen sepse anglishtja i përgjigjet faktit, jo formës së pyetjes.

Question:

✔ Aren't you tired?
✔ A nuk je i lodhur?

If the truth is:

✔ I am tired.
✔ Jam i lodhur.

Answer:

✔ Yes, I am.
✔ Po, jam.

---

If the truth is:

✔ I am not tired.
✔ Nuk jam i lodhur.

Answer:

✔ No, I'm not.
✔ Jo, nuk jam.

---

More examples

✔ Didn't John come?
✔ A nuk erdhi John?

He came.

✔ Yes, he did.
✔ Po, erdhi.

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He didn't come.

✔ No, he didn't.
✔ Jo, nuk erdhi.

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Golden Rule

YES = the statement is true.
YES = pohimi është i vërtetë.

NO = the statement is not true.
NO = pohimi nuk është i vërtetë.

Never say:

❌ Yes, I'm not.
❌ Yes, he didn't.

Because yes and not (or didn't) contradict each other.

This is one of the most common mistakes made by Albanian learners of English.

80/100 idioms and how to use them correctly

 

80. Jump the gun

Meaning: act too early.
Kuptimi: të veprosh para kohe.

Albanian equivalent:
Të nxitohesh.

Examples

He jumped the gun and announced the news.
Ai u nxitua dhe e shpalli lajmin.

Don’t jump the gun; wait for instructions.
Mos u nxito; prit udhëzimet.

119/120 mistakes not to make during 20256

119. Will or shall?
119. Will apo shall?

The distinctions between will and shall are now strictly observed only by precise speakers.
Dallimet midis will dhe shall respektohen sot në mënyrë rigoroze vetëm nga folës shumë të kujdesshëm.

Shall is becoming less common, especially with the second and third person pronouns.
Shall po bëhet gjithnjë e më pak e zakonshme, veçanërisht me përemrat e vetës së dytë dhe të tretë.

With first person pronouns, however, shall is still used to indicate the simple future.
Megjithatë, me përemrat e vetës së parë, shall përdoret ende për të treguar të ardhmen e thjeshtë.

In conversation people generally use the shortened form ’ll.
Në bisedë njerëzit zakonisht përdorin formën e shkurtuar ’ll.

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• We’ll have a party tomorrow.
• Ne do të bëjmë një festë nesër.

• I think I’ll send him a letter.
• Mendoj se do t’i dërgoj një letër.

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In these sentences, according to strict grammatical rules, one has to use shall.
Në këto fjali, sipas rregullave tradicionale gramatikore, duhet të përdoret shall.

But ’ll may be the contraction of either shall or will.
Por ’ll mund të jetë shkurtim si i shall ashtu edhe i will.

Research has shown that most people consider ’ll to be a contraction of will, which proves that in actual usage will has been replacing shall.
Studimet kanë treguar se shumica e njerëzve e konsiderojnë ’ll si shkurtim të will, gjë që tregon se në përdorimin e përditshëm will po e zëvendëson shall.

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Instead of using shall with second and third person pronouns to express a command, promise, threat or determination, people often use other verbs and expressions.
Në vend që të përdorin shall me vetën e dytë dhe të tretë për të shprehur urdhër, premtim, kërcënim ose vendosmëri, njerëzit shpesh përdorin forma të tjera.

For example:
Për shembull:

• You shall go at once.
• Ti do të shkosh menjëherë.

Today people more commonly say:
Sot njerëzit më shpesh thonë:

• You will have to go at once.
• Do të të duhet të shkosh menjëherë.

• You are to go at once.
• Duhet të shkosh menjëherë.

• You must go at once.
• Duhet të shkosh menjëherë.

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Easy classroom rule

Rregull i thjeshtë për klasën

Modern English

✔ I will go.
✔ Unë do të shkoj.

✔ We will arrive tomorrow.
✔ Ne do të mbërrijmë nesër.

✔ She will call later.
✔ Ajo do të telefonojë më vonë.

In modern English, WILL is used almost all the time.
Në anglishten moderne, WILL përdoret pothuajse gjithmonë.

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SHALL today

Shall is mainly used:

Shall përdoret kryesisht:

1. In questions with I and we
2. Në pyetje me I dhe we

✔ Shall I open the window?
✔ A ta hap dritaren?

✔ Shall we begin?
✔ A të fillojmë?

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2. In very formal English (laws, contracts, regulations)
3. Në anglishten shumë formale (ligje, kontrata, rregullore)

✔ The tenant shall pay the rent on the first day of each month.
✔ Qiramarrësi do të paguajë qiranë në ditën e parë të çdo muaji.

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Golden Rule

For everyday English, teach your students:

✔ I will
✔ You will
✔ He will
✔ She will
✔ We will
✔ They will

And remember:

Shall survives mainly in questions such as:

✔ Shall I...?
✔ Shall we...?

These are still very common and useful in modern English.