Zamira

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English Made Easier

Paf26.02.2024

1- Welcome to Oxford online English lesson.

-Miresevini ne klasen online te anglishtes se Oxford-it.

2-In this lesson you can learn about English sentences structure.

-Ne kete mesim ju do te mesoni per strukturen e fjalive ne anglisht.

3-Every sentences need a verb.

-Cdo fjali deshiron nje folje

Example - Shembull

Verb – Folje

Run – vrapo

Leave – largohem

Work – punoj

-The simple sentence is an imperative which means when you tell someone to do something.

- Fjalia e thjeshte eshte urdher kur ti i thua dikujt te beje dicka.

4- Most sentences are longer than one verb.

-Fjalite jane me te gjata se nje folje.

5- Also we need a noun before the verb.

-Ne duhet te shtojme nje emer para foljes.

6- Noun is a subject.

-Emri eshte nje kryefjale.

7-Subject + verb you can make simple sentences.

-Me kryefjale + folje ju mund te ndertoni fjali te thjeshte.

Example – Shembull

He runs – Ai vrapon

She left – Ajo iku

They´re working – Ata po punojne

Verb can be the different forms – Foljet mund te behen ne forma te ndryeshme

Past or present – te shkuaren ose te tashme

Simple or continuous – e thjeshte ose e vazhdueshme

8-There are all the same subject+ verb

-Ato jane te tera te njejta kryefjale+ folje

9-You can´t say much with short sentences.

Ti nuk mund te thuash shume me fjali te shkurtra.

10- What could you after runs to make longer?

-Cfare mund te shtojme pas vrapoj qe ta bejme fjali te gjate?

He runs …

-You could add an adverb of place – Ti mund te shtosh nje ndajtolje vendi

He runs around the park – Ai vrapon perreth parkut

-You could add an adverb of time – mund te shtosh nje ndajfolje kohe

He runs every morning – Ai vrapon cdo mengjes

-You could add both – Mund ti shtosh te dyja

He runs around the park every morning – Ai vrapon perreth parkut cdo mengjes

You could add an adverb of manner – mund te shtosh nje ndajfolje menyre

He runs slowly – Ai vrapon ngadale.

11-You have many choices, but your choices are also limited.

-Ti ke shume zgjedhje, por zgjedhjet tende jane gjithashtu te limituara

Example – shembull

You can´t use an another verb after run,you can´t use an adjective and you can´t use a noun.

Ti nuk mund te perdoresh nje folje tjeter pas foljes vrapoj, nuk mund te perdoresh nje mbiemer dhe ti nuk mund te perdoresh nje emer.

12-We ask “What needs comes next?”

-Ne pyesim “ Cfare vjen me pas?”

He runs – une vrapoj

It´s a basic sentences , but it´s correct – Kjo eshte nje fjali baze ose e thjeshte, por eshte e sakte

She likes – Ajo pelqen

He wants – Ai deshiron

We go – Ne shkojme

These aren´t complete sentences. – Keto nuk jane fjali te plotesuara.

They aren´t comlete, because they aren´t finished- Keto nuk jane te plotesuara sepse skane perfunduar.

She likes …what? – Ajo pelqen … Cfare?

He wants …what? - Ai do …Cfare?

We go … where? – Ne shkojme … Ku?

You need complement – Ty te duhet plotesimi

The complement is the thing you add after a verb to make a sentence complete.

-Plotesimi eshte fjala qe ti shton pas folje qe te besh plotesimin e fjaleise.

A complement can have many different forms. noun, verb, adjective or adverb

-Plotesimi ka forma te ndryshme. Emer, folje, mbiemer ose ndajfolje

Example – shembull

She likes strawberries. – Ajo pelqen luleshtrydhet.

She likes swimming. – Ajo pelqen notin.

There are many possibilities. – Ka shume mundesi

You needs more information. - Ti shton me shume informacione.

She likes getting up .. When? Why? How?

You need a complement after getting up to complete the idea. – Ty te duhet nje fjale plotesuese pas foljes ngihem qe te plotesosh idene.

Ajo pelqen te zgjohet .. Kur? Pse? SI?

Remember that when you use a particular word, you have limited choices in what kind of word you use next.

-Kujtoni se kur perdorni nje fjale te caktuar, jane zgjedhje te kufizuara per fjalen qe do vendosni me pas.

To speak or write in English you don´t just need to know English words. You need to know what can come next.

-Per te folur ose shkruar ne anglisht nuk te duhet vetem te dish fjalet ne anglisht. Te duhet te dish edhe cfare mund te jete me pas.

Example – Shembull

With a verb like or want, it´s not enough to know the verb.

Me foljen pelqej ose deshiroj, nuk mjafton vetem ta njohesh foljen.

You also need to know whether the verb needs a complement, and what complements are- or aren´t – possible.

Ne gjithashtu duhet te dish nese folja do nje fjale ose shprehje plotesuese, dhe cfare fjale ose shprehje jane ose nuk jane te mundesuara.

-That way, you´ll know how to use the words you learn to make sentences you can use in your spoken or written English.

Ne kete rruge, ti njeh si ti perdoresh fjalet dhe te mesosh sit e besh fjal, qe perdor ne te folurin dhe te shkruajturen anglisht.

You can add information to a simple sentence in two ways: you can add adjectives or adverbs.

Ti mund te shtosh informacion ne fjali te thjeshte ne dy menyra: mund te shtojme mbiemer ose ndajfolje.

Example – shembull

He wants to buy a car. Ai deshiron te bleje nje makine.

-You could add adjective before the word car.

Ne mund te perdorim mbiemrin para fjales makine.

adjective – mbiemer

He wants to buy a new car. Ai deshiron te bleje nje makine te re.

-Adverbs can be single words or phrases.

Ndajfolet mund te jene nje fjale e vetme ose nje shprehje.

-Adjective can go before the noun they describe, or after some verbs.

Ndajfoljet mund te vendoset para emrit qe e pershkruan, ose pas foljes.

Adverbs can go in many different positions.

Ndajfoljet mund te vendosen ne pozicione te ndryshme.

Adverb – ndajfolje

He wants to buy a new car next month. - Muajin tjeter

If sentences is incomplete, then you can´t make it complete by adding adjective or adverbs.

Keto fjali jane te paperfunduara, ti nuk e perfundon dot duke shtuar nje mbiemer ose ndajfolje.

He wants to buy … - Ai deshiron te bleje

This sentence is incomplete. – Kjo fjali eshte e pa perfunduar

Adding adjective and adverbs won´t make it complete.

Shtimi i mbiemrave dhe ndajfoljeve nuk do ta beje te plotesuar.

Conjunction – Lidhezat

->Words like which join parts of a sentence together.

- Fjalet qe bashkojne dy pjese te fjalise bashke.

Complex sentence – fjali e nderlikuar

->a sentence 2+ parts (clauses), joined with a conjunction.

- nje fjali qe i shtohen 2 pjese (klauzolat), bashkohen me nje lidhez.

Independent clause – klauzole e pavarur

->part of a complex sentence which could stand by itself.

- Pjesa e nje fjalie te nderlikuar , e cila mund te qendronte me vete.

Dependent clause – klauzole e varur ( Klauzole-> pjese e fjalise)

->Part of a complex sentence which could not stand by itself.

- Pjesa e nje fjalie te nderlikuar e cila nuk mund te qendroje e pavarur.

Example – shembull

-He runs around the park every morning, so he´s in pretty shape.

Ai vrapon cdo dite, kesht qe ai eshte ne forme te mire.

-She likes strawberries, but she hardly ever eats them.

Ajo pelqen luleshtrydhet, por ajo pothuajse asnjehere nuk i ha ato.

-You should write to her and thank her for present.

Ti duhet te flasesh me ate dhe ta falenderosh per dhuraten.

Here´s your recipe: - Ja ku eshte formula

Independent clause + conjunction + independent clause

-Klauzole( pjese e fjalise) e pavarur + lidhez + klauzole e pavarur

He runs around the park every morning, so he´s in pretty shape.

Conjunction is so – lidheza eshte keshtu qe

We can split the sentence into two forms – Ne mund te ndajme fjaline ne dy pjese

1) He runs around the park every morning. – Ai vrapon pereth parkut cdo mengjes.

2) So, he´s in pretty shape . – Keshtu qe ai eshte ne forme te mire

-She likes strawberries, but she hardly eat them.

Conjunction is but – Lidheza eshte por

We can split the sentence into two forms

1) She likes strawberries – Ajo pelqen luleshtrydhet

2) But, she hardly eat them – Por ajo pothuajse asnjehere nuk i ha

English Made Easier

Paf16.02.2024

Pronouns

Përemrat

Pronouns are words that take the place of nouns. We often use them to avoid repeating the nouns that they refer to. Pronouns have different forms for the different ways we use them.

Përemrat janë fjalë të cilat zëvendësojnë emrat. Ne shpesh i përdorim ato për të shmangur përsëritjen e emrit që i referohen. Përemrat kanë forma të ndryshme për mënyrat e ndryshme se si ne i përdorim ato.

Possessive pronouns

Përemrat pronorë

Subject Kryefjalë 

Object Kundrinor 

Possessive adjective Mbiemër pronor

 Possessive pronoun Përemër pronor

I me my mine

you you your yours

he him his his

she her her hers

it it its -

we us our ours

they them their theirs

Be careful!

Kini kujdes!

Possessive pronouns do not have an apostrophe:

Përemrat pronorë nuk kanë një apostrof:

· Is that car yours/hers/ours/theirs?

(NOT Is that car your's/her's/our's/their's?)

We can use a possessive pronoun instead of a full noun phrase to avoid repeating words:

Ne mund të përdorim një përemër pronor në vend të një grupi emëror për të shmangur përsëritjen e fjalëve:

· Is that John's car?

No, it's mine. (NOT No, it's [my car].)

· Whose coat is this?

Is it yours? (NOT Is it [your coat]?)

· Her coat is grey.

Mine is brown. (NOT [My coat] is brown.)

Write the correct possessive pronoun so that the second sentence means the same as the first.

Shkruani përemrin pronor që është i saktë në mënyrë që fjalia e dytë të ketë të njëjtin kuptim me fjalinë e parë.

1. A: Whose book is this? B: I don't know. It isn't my book. = A: Whose book is this? B: I don't know. It isn't .

2. This is your toothbrush and this is her toothbrush. = This is your toothbrush and this is .

3. The blue car is George's and the silver car is their car. = The blue car is George's and the silver car is .

4. I found this pen on the floor. Is it your pen? = I found this pen on the floor. Is it ?

5. We can't invite people to Lee's flat! It's not our flat. = We can't invite people to Lee's flat! It's not !

6. My dessert was the ice cream and your dessert was the cake. = My dessert was the ice cream and was the cake.

7. Her university was in Leicester and his university was in Coventry. = Her university was in Leicester and was in Coventry.

8. Shall we watch the match here or do you want to come to our house? = Shall we watch the match here or do you want to come to ?

We can use possessive pronouns and nouns after of. We can say:

Ne mund t’i përdorim përemrat dhe emrat pronorë pas of. Mund të themi:

· Susan is one of my friends. > Susan is a friend of mine.

Susan është nja nga mikeshat e mia. > Susan është një mikesha ime.

(NOT Susan is a friend of me.)

· I am one of Susan's friends. > I am a friend of Susan's.

Unë jam një nga miqtë e Susan. > Jam një mik i Susan.

(NOT I am a friend of Susan.)

Write the correct words so that the second sentence means the same as the first. Use 'of' and a possessive pronoun.

Shkruani fjalët e sakta në mënyrë që fjalia e dytë të ketë të njëjtin kuptim si e para. Përdorni ‘of’ dhe një përemër pronor.

1. This is Rachel. She's one of my colleagues. = This is Rachel. She's a colleague .

2. That's Mauro. He's one of our friends. = That's Mauro. He's a friend .

3. I'm Alex. I'm one of your students. = I'm Alex. I'm a .

4. Who's that lady next to Howard ? Is she one of his aunts? = Who's that lady next to Howard? Is she ?

5. How do you know Karolina? Are you one of her classmates? = How do you know Karolina? Are you ?

6. You look like Ben and Matthew. Are you one of their relatives? = You look like Ben and Matthew. Are you ?

English Made Easier

Paf15.02.2024

3 able – i zoti, i aftë

Able – ‘i zoti’ , ‘i aftë’ , përdoret zakonisht në strukturën be able + paskajore. Shpesh herë kjo ka të njëjtin kuptim me can – ‘mund’ ‘mundesh’ . Forma negative e saj është unable – ‘i pazoti’ , ‘i paaftë’ .

- Some people are able to / can walk on their hands.

- I am unable to / can’t understand what she wants.

Can është më e preferueshme me kuptimin ‘know how to’ – ‘di si të’ , dhe në shprehje si can see, can hear , - ‘mund të shoh’, ‘të dëgjoj’, etj. .

- Can you knit? (Shumë më e natyrshme se: Are you able to knit?)

- I can see. a ship. (Më e natyrshme se: I am able to see a ship.)

Be able përdoret në rastet (p.sh. në të ardhmen dhe në të kryerën) kur nga pikëpamja gramatikore can/could nuk mund të përdoren.

- One day scientists will be able to find a cure for cancer.

- What have you been able to find out? (JO: What have you could … ?)

- I might be able to help you. (JO: I might can …)

Zakonisht able nuk ndiqet nga paskajoret pësore: -‘passive infinitives’ .

- He can’t be understood. (JO: He’s not able to be understood .)

4 about dhe on

About- ‘rreth’ , ‘në lidhje me…’ , ‘mbi/për’ , përdoret kur flasim për gjëra të zakonshme, për komunikime të karakterit të përgjithshëm. On tregon që një libër, leksion, bisedë, etj. është serioze, akademike, për specialistët. Krahaso:

- a book for children about Africa and its peoples

a textbook on African history

- a conversation about money

a lecture on economics

5 about to

Struktura about + paskajore përdoret për të folur për dicka që sapo po fillon ose që do të fillojë menjëherë - ‘gati për të …’.

- Don’t go out now – we’re about to have lunch.

- I was about to go to bed when the telephone rang.

Në anglishten e përditshme amerikane, not about to mund të përdoret me kuptimin ‘nuk dëshiroj të …’, ‘nuk kam ndërmend të…’.

- I’m not about to pay 100 dollars for that dress.

English Made Easier

Paf14.02.2024

2 Be: Present Simple (2) (Am I …? Are you…?)

1 We use be :

· To talk how we feel:

I’m happy. They’re sad.

They’re bored. She’s tired.

We’re hungry. I’m thirsty.

He isn’t afraid. They’re cold.

· To say hello:

Jane: I’m fine thanks.How are you?

· To apologize :

Mary : I’m sorry I’m late.

Chris : It doesn’t matter.

· To describe things :

It isn’t expensive.It’s cheap.

It’s an old film.It isn’t very good.

These photos are bad.

( For other uses of be,see unit 1.)

2 We often use there+be (e.g. there is , there are) to talk about where things are:

SINGULAR: There’s a supermarket in this street. There is a telephone in the flat. PLURAL: There are some good cafés in the centre of the town.

We also use there+be to talk about when things happen:

There is a bus to London at 6 o’clock.

There are taxis , but there aren’t any buses on Sunday.

There isn’t another train to Manchester today.

3 We form questions with be in the Present Simple like this:

QUESTIONS

Singular Am I

Are you late?

Is he/she/it

Plural Are we

Are you late?

Are they

Here are questions with all the forms of be:

Am I late for the film?

Are you twenty years old?

Is he at home now?

Is she French or Italian?

Is it time to go home?

Are we ready to leave?

Are you both at university?

Are they in London today?

Practice

A Make sentences about the pictures using the words in the box.Use He/She/They and the Present Simple of be.

tired sad thirsty happy

hungry bored afraid cold

0 She’s thirsty.

1 He ____________

2 They __________

3 He ____________

4 She____________

5 He _____________

6 They ___________

7 They ___________

B Use there+be to say what we can and cannot find in the town of Smallwood.

0 (a cinema: yes) There’s a cinema.

0 (a river) There isn’t a river.

1 (restaurants: 10) There are ten restaurants.

2 (any museums) There aren’t any museums.

3 (a castle) _____________ a castle.

4 (baker’s shops: 2) ____________ two baker’s shops.

5 (a zoo: yes) ____________ a zoo.

6 (banks: 6) _______________ six banks.

7 (a luxury hotel: yes)____________ a luxury hotel.

8 (a theatre) __________________ a theatre.

9 (newsagents: 6) ______________ six newsagents.

10 (many tourists)________________ many newsagents.

C Write questions by putting the words in brackets ( ) in the correct order.

0 (thirsty-you-are) Are you thirsty?_______________

1 (a teacher-you-are) __________________________

2 (they-bored-are) _____________________________

3 (is-afraid-he) _____________________

4 (she-tired-is) _____________________

5 (are-you-how) ____________________

6 (cold today-it-is) ______________________

7 (she-Spanish-is) ____________________

8 (they-from London-are) _________________________

D Write questions using the words in brackets ( ) and form of be.

QUESTIONS ANSWERS

0 (you/Spanish) Are you Spanish________? – No,I’m French.

1 (you/hungry) ______________________? – No,I’m thirsty.

2 (she/your sister) ____________________? –No,she’s my mother.

3 (I/ late) __________________________? –No,you’re on time.

4 (they/from America) ____________________? –No,they’re from Canada.

5 (he/a tennis player) _______________________? –No,he’s a footballer.

6 (you/happy) __________________________? –No,I’m sad.

7 (she/at home) __________________? –No,she’s at work.

8 (he/twenty) ________________________? –No,he’s eighteen years old.

E Put forms of be in these conversations.

Steve: This is Joan,my sister.

Tom: Hello,Joan._________ you a student?

Joan: No,I___________ a dentist.I work in Brighton.

Mike: How are you,Sally?

Sally: I_________ fine,thanks.

Mike: _________ you hungry,Sally?

Sally: Yes.__________ there a good restaurant near here?

Mike: Yes.There __________ a restaurant in Wellington Street.The food is good at it and

_______ very cheap.

English Made Easier

Paf13.02.2024

1 Be:Present Simple (1) (I am,I’m not)

1 Here are some examples of be in the Present Simple:

This is my brother.He’s ten years old.

I’m a student.These are my books.

They aren’t at home.They’re at the theatre.

2 We form the Present Simple of be like this:

3 In speech,we usually use the short forms:

She’s my sister. He’s my brother.

I’m from Italy. They’re German.

POSITIVE

Full form Short form

Singular I am I’m

You are You’re

He/she/it is He’s/she’s/it’s

Plural We are We’re

You are You’re

They are They’re

NEGATIVE

Full form Short form

Singular I am not I’m not

You are not You aren’t

He/she/it is not He/she/it isn’t

Plural We are not We aren’t

You are not You aren’t

They are not They aren’t

4 We use be:

· To say who we are:

I’m Steve and this is my friend Bill. We’re from Scotland.

I’m Janet and these are my sisters. This is Sandra and this is Patricia.

Sandra and Patricia are doctors.

· To talk about the weather:

It’s cold today.

It’s a beautiful day.

It’s usually hot here!

It isn’t very warm today.

· To talk about the time:

It’s ten o’clock.

It’s half past four.

You’re late!

· To talk about places:

Milan is in the north of Italy.

John and Mary are in Yorkshire.

· To talk about people’s ages:

My sister is six years old.

Practice

A. Maria is from Brazil. She is writing about herself and her family. Put full forms of be in the gaps.

0 I _am______ a student from Brazil.

0 My parents are not (not) rich.

1 My father _____________a teacher.

2 My mother ___________(not) Brazilian.

3 She __________________from America.

4 I ____________________twenty years old.

5 My little brother_____________ two.

6 My older brothers ______________(not) students.

7 They _____________in the army.

8 It ________________often very hot in Brazil.

B. Now fill these gaps.This time,use short forms of be,as in the examples.

0 I’m a doctor.

0 I’m not ______(not) a bank manager.

1 She __________(not) a teacher.

2 He ______________a student.

3 They___________ at home.

4 They ____________ (not) in the park.

5 It _______________ (not) cold today.

6 It________________ very hot.

7 We ________________ from Paris.

8 We ___________________ (not) from Bordeaux.

9 You ___________________( not) twenty-one.

10 I________________________ twenty-four.

C . Look at these pictures. These people are saying who they are. Write sentences, choosing the correct jobs from the box, as in the example.

policeman, an artist, a teacher, a film star, a scientist, a photographer.

a pop star a farmer a bank manager a footballer a dentist a doctor

a policeman an artist a teacher a film star a scientist a photographer

0

Names: Paolo, Federico

Nationality: Italy

Jobs: Policeman, footballer

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1

Names: Bjorn, Liv

Nationality: Sweden

Jobs: Doctor, film star

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2

Names: Maria, Pedro

Nationality: Mexico

Jobs: Teacher, pop star

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3

Names: Jim, Mary

Nationality: Australia

Jobs: Bank manager, artist

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4

Names: Tomoko, Akira

Nationality: Japan

Jobs: Dentist, photographer

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5

Names: Rajiv, Vikram

Nationality: India

Jobs: Scientist, farmer

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

D . Choose words from the box to put in the gaps.

He’s She’s They’re It’s (x3)

are Is We isn’t

0 My parents live in Scotland They’re teachers.

1 New York ________ in England._________ in America.

2 Paul is from Germany.__________ German.

3 My sister is a doctor.___________ thirty years old.

4 ___________six o’clock! ____________ are late.

5 _______very cold today.Let’s stay at home.

6 Look at the time!Chris and Mary _____________ late.

English Made Easier

Paf12.02.2024

2 Abbreviations and acronyms – shkurtimet dhe akronimet

1. punctuation – pikësimi

Në anglishten britanike, në fund të shkurtimeve zakonisht nuk vendoset pikë, ndërkohë që kjo në anglishten amerikane është normale (US ‘periods’) .

- Mr (US Mr.) =Mister (shkruhet zakonisht i shkurtuar).

- Ltd (US Ltd.) = Limited (Shoqëri me Përgjegjësi të Kufizuar).

- Kg (US Kg.) =kilogram.

2. initial – letter abbreviations – shkurtimet me iniciale

Disa shkurtime ndërtohen me gërmat e para të fjalëve. Kjo ndodh shpesh veçanërisht me emrat e organizatave.

- the BBC = the British Broadcasting Corporation.

- UNESCO = United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.

Disa shkurtime të ndërtuara me iniciale shqiptohen gërmë pas gërme (p.sh the BBC). Disa të tjera shqiptohen si fjalë (p.sh UNESCO) – këto të fundit quhen shpesh ‘akronime’ – ‘acronyms’.

3. shqiptimi i shkurtimeve me iniciale

Këto shkurtime në më të shumtën e rasteve theksohen në gërmën e fundit.

-the BBC / dhə bi: bi: si:/ -the USA / dhə ju: es ‘ei /

Nëse njëri prej këtyre shkurtimeve ka një nyje ( a / an ose the ) , forma dhe shqiptimi i saj varen nga shqiptimi i gërmës së parë të shkurtimit.

- an IRA attack

- a US diplomat / ə ju: es …./ (JO an US …)

- a BA degree

- an MP / ən em pi / (JO: a MP) ;

- the USA / dhə ju: …/ (JO / dhi: ju: …/)

- the RPCA / dhi: a:r …./ (JO: / dhə a:r … /).

4. acronyms: articles – akronimet: nyjet

Nyjet në akronimet (në shkurtimet që shqiptohen si fjalë) zakonisht bien.

-UNESCO (JO: the UNESCO).

5. plurals – shumësat

Përpara s'së së shumësit të shkurtimeve vendoset zakonisht një apostrof ( ’ ) : -MP’s ose MPs; CD’s (‘compact disc’ – ‘kompakt disk’) ose CD

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Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

Paf11.02.2024

Mesimi # 1

A. Sentence structure

      Struktura e fjalise.

The parts of a sentence are the subject, verb, object, complement, and adverbial. A statement begins with the subject and the verb. There are five main structures which we can use to make a simple statement.

Pjeset perberese te fjalise jane: kryefjala, folja, kundrinori, complement ( plotesori ) dhe ndajfolja apo rrethanori. Nje fjali deftore pergjithsisht fillon me  nje kryefjale dhe nje folje. Ne gjuhen angleze ka pese struktura te cilat ne mund ti perdorim per te bere nje deklarate te thjeshte.

1  Subject             Verb   
   Kryefjale    +      Folje

    

My arms           are aching
    Something        happened

2. Subject               Verb                  Object   
   Kryefjale      +     Folje        +        Kundrinor

    I                           need                 a rest
    Five people       are moving      the piano

The subject and the object can be a noun, a pronoun 

(e.g. I) or a noun phrase (eg  the piano)

Kryefjala dhe kundrinori mund te jene te shprehur me:

a) emer

b) peremer

c) grup emeror)

3. Subject                Verb                  Complement
    Kryefjale      +      Folje          +      Komplement ( mbiemer ose emer )

   This piano            is                        heavy

   It                            was                    a big problem

The complement can be an adjective (e.g. heavy) or a noun phrase (e.g. a big problem). The complement often comes after be. It can also come after appear, become, get, feel, look, seem, stay or sound.

Per ta patur te qarte se cfare eshte termi "complement", do te ishte me mire te kuptonim se ai vjen menjehere mbas nje forme te foljes 'be'; dmth mund te vije mbas foljes, am is, are, was, were, been, be, being. Ai mund te jete:

a) mbiemer

b) emer

c) grup emeror.

Gjithashtu ai mund te vije edhe mbas foljesh te tilla si: appear, become,get,feel,look,seem, stay, ose sound. Keto folje quhen ndryshe = link verbs. Per keto folje ju mund te shikoni edhe nje mesim te cilin e kemi kaluar disa ore me pare ne keto faqe.

4.  Subject                 Verb                 Adverbial    
     Kryefjale        +     Folje        +      Ndajfolje ose rrethanor

    It                             is                      on my foot.
    Their house          is                       nearby.

An adverbial can be a prepositional phrase (e.g. on my foot) or an adverb (e.g. nearby).

Me fjalen 'adveribial' mund te kuptoni edhe nje shprehje ndajfoljore me parafjale ose nje ndajfolje.

5.  Subject                  Verb                Object                      Object
     Kryefjale      +        Folje        +      Kundrinor        +        Kundrinor 

    It                             ‘s giving           me                            backache.
    David                      bought            Melanie                   a present.

We use two objects after verbs like give and  send.

Ne mund te perdorim dy kundrinore mbas foljesh te tilla si give dhe send.

B. Adverbials

     Ndajfoljoret

We can add adverbials to all the five main structures.

Ne mund t'ju shtojme ndajfoljore ( dmth ndajfolje ose rrethanore ) te pesta llojeve te fjalive te permendura si me siper.

My arms are aching terribly.                        I really need a rest.

Of course this piano is heavy .                    Fortunately their house is nearby .

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paf10.02.2024

Hello  Zamira,

Diskutimi per kohet e gjuhes angleze eshte shume i gjere. Nuk besoj se eshte veshtire te kerkosh e te kuptosh me shume per to. 

Shikoni tabelen e meposhteme. Ju eshte paraqitur nje folje e  zakonshme e gjuhes angleze. 

Te kerkohesh kohe te tjera edhe disa do te mundesh ti gjesh. Por gjithmone kjo do te ngelet pjese e diskutime edhe une thjesht ju keshilloj mos shkoni me tej se kaq duke futur ketu edhe kuriozitetin tuaj.

Tabela qe kemi vendosur me daten 12 dhjetor 2014 eshte shume e plote edhe  e mjaftueshme per te shprehur mendime nga me te ndryshmet e te besueshme per te gjitha veprimet tuaja te mundeshme.

fm

Follow your actions as following: 

1. Present Simple - I read
2. Present Continuous - I am reading
3. Present Perfect - I have read
4. Present Perfect Continuous - I have been reading
5. Past Simple - I read
6. Past Continuous - I was reading
7. Past Perfect - I had read
8. Past Perfect Continuous - I had been reading
9. Future Simple-I will read (including "be going to + infinitive" form) I am going to read
10. Future Continuous - I will be reading
11. Future Perfect - I will have read
12. Future Perfect Continuous - I will have been reading
13. Future Simple in the past - I would read (including the "was/were going to + infinitive" form)
14. Future Continuous in the past - I would be reading
15. Future Perfect in the past - I would have read
16. Future Perfect Continuous in the past - I would have been reading


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Provoni te beni lidhjet e mundeshme te koheve te perdorura praktikisht ne pyetesorin e meposhtem me emrat e duhura te koheve te dhena si me poshte:

Legend

moment in time	action that takes place once, never or several times actions that happen one after another actions that suddenly take place
period of time	action that started before a certain moment and lasts beyond that moment actions taking place at the same time
Result	action taking place before a certain moment in time puts emphasis on the result
Course / Duration	action taking place before a certain moment in time puts emphasis on the course or duration of the action

Verb Tense List

1. Simple Present or Present Simple


e.g., I play, you play, she/he/it plays, we play, they play


2. Present Progressive, Present Continuous, Simple Present Progressive or Simple Present Continuous


e.g., I am playing, you are playing, she/he/it is playing, we are playing, they are playing


3. Simple Past or Past Simple


e.g., I played, you played, he/she/it played, we played, they played


4. Past Progressive, Past Continuous, Simple Past Progressive or Simple Past Continuous


e.g., I was playing, you were playing, she/he/it was playing, we were playing, they were playing


5. Present Perfect or Simple Present Perfect


e.g., I have played, you have played, he/she/it has played, we have played, they have played


6. Present Perfect Progressive or Present Perfect Continuous


e.g., I have been playing, you have been playing, he/she/it has been playing, we have been playing, they have been playing


7. Past Perfect or Simple Past Perfect


e.g., I had played, you had played, he/she/it had played, we had played, they had played


8. Past Perfect Progressive or Past Perfect Continuous


e.g., I had been playing, you had been playing, he/she/it had been playing, we had been playing, they had been playing


9. Simple Future or Future Simple


e.g., I will play, you will play, he/she/it will play, they will play, we will play or I am going to play, you are going to play, he/she/it is going to play, we are going to play, they are going to play


10. Future Progressive, Future Continuous, Simple Future Progressive or Simple Future Continuous


e.g., I will be playing, you will be playing, he/she/it will be playing, they will be playing, we will be playing


11. Future Perfect or Simple Future Perfect


e.g., I will have played, you will have played, he/she/it will have played, they will have played, we will have played


12. Future Perfect Progressive


e.g., I will have been playing, you will have been playing, he/she/it will have been playing, they will have been playing, we will have been playing

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Paf04.16.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

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Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

05.06. 2023

here is a chart of the four types of conditional sentences, along with examples and exercises:

Type	Form	Example
Zero Conditional	If + present simple, present simple	If it rains, the streets get wet.
First Conditional	If + present simple, will + base verb	If I have time, I will go for a walk.
Second Conditional	If + past simple, would/could/might + base verb	If I won the lottery, I would buy a new car.
Third Conditional	If + past perfect, would/could/might + have + past participle	If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.

Zero Conditional Exercise: Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1. If you (heat) ice, it (melt).
2. If she (drink) too much coffee, she (get) nervous.
3. If it (rain), the flowers (grow).
4. If he (eat) too much sugar, he (get) a headache.
5. If you (study) hard, you (get) good grades.

First Conditional Exercise: Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1. If we (not be) late, we (catch) the train.
2. If she (study) hard, she (pass) the test.
3. If it (rain), I (stay) at home.
4. If he (not finish) his work, he (get) in trouble.
5. If they (go) to the party, they (have) a good time.

Second Conditional Exercise: Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1. If I (win) the lottery, I (travel) around the world.
2. If he (have) more time, he (read) more books.
3. If we (live) in a bigger house, we (have) more space.
4. If they (not work) hard, they (not succeed).
5. If she (know) how to swim, she (go) to the beach more often.

Third Conditional Exercise: Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1. If he (study) harder, he (have) passed the exam.
2. If they (not miss) the train, they (arrive) on time.
3. If she (not forget) her keys, she (not be) locked out.
4. If we (not lose) the game, we (be) in the finals.
5. If he (not leave) his job, he (still work) there.

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Paf04.23.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

Here is a longer version of the fable "The Father and His Two Daughters" by Aesop:

Once upon a time, a wealthy man had two daughters who were always fighting over their inheritance. The older daughter was greedy and selfish, while the younger daughter was kind and generous. The father grew tired of their quarreling and decided to teach them a lesson.

He asked each of them to bring him a bundle of sticks and then tied the bundles together, asking them to break the bundle in half. When they were unable to break the bundle, he untied it and gave each daughter a single stick, which they were easily able to break.

The father then explained to his daughters that they were like the bundle of sticks, stronger when they were united than when they were divided. He urged them to work together and to stop fighting over their inheritance, as they would be much stronger and happier if they were united.

The older daughter, however, was not convinced. She was determined to get her fair share of the inheritance, even if it meant going to court. She hired a lawyer and filed a lawsuit against her younger sister, claiming that she was entitled to more of their father's estate.

The younger daughter was heartbroken by her sister's actions, and she prayed for guidance. One day, a wise man visited her and offered her some advice. He suggested that she offer to share her inheritance with her sister, even though she knew it was unfair. The younger daughter took the wise man's advice and approached her sister with a proposal.

"I know you are upset about the inheritance," she said, "but I am willing to share it with you. I want us to be united and to work together, just like our father taught us."

The older daughter was surprised by her sister's offer, but she accepted it. Together, they divided their inheritance and used it to improve their lives and the lives of those around them.

As they worked together, the two sisters grew closer and their bond became stronger than ever. They realized that their father had been right: there was strength in unity, and they were much happier working together than they ever were when they were fighting over their inheritance.

The moral of the fable is that there is strength in unity, and that we can accomplish more when we work together than when we are divided. It is important to put aside our differences and to work towards a common goal, rather than focusing on our individual desires and needs. We should always strive to be kind and generous, even when it may be difficult or unfair, as it will ultimately lead to greater happiness and fulfillment in our lives.

here are some multiple choice comprehension questions based on the fable "The Father and His Two Daughters" by Aesop:

1. What was the father's problem with his daughters? A) They were lazy and refused to help him. B) They were constantly fighting over their inheritance. C) They were disrespectful and disobedient. D) They were too busy with their own lives to spend time with him.

2. What did the father ask his daughters to bring him? A) A piece of jewelry B) A bundle of sticks C) A valuable artifact D) A rare flower

3. What did the father do with the bundles of sticks that his daughters brought him? A) He burned them in the fireplace. B) He used them to build a house. C) He tied them together and asked his daughters to break the bundle in half. D) He gave them to his servants to use as firewood.

4. What was the moral of the story? A) Greed leads to unhappiness. B) Unity is strength. C) Wealth is not important. D) Fighting is a waste of time.

5. What did the older daughter do when she was not satisfied with her inheritance? A) She went on a trip. B) She hired a lawyer and filed a lawsuit against her younger sister. C) She gave up and moved away. D) She became depressed and stopped eating.

6. What advice did the wise man give to the younger daughter? A) To sue her sister and fight for what was rightfully hers. B) To share her inheritance with her sister, even though it was unfair. C) To run away and start a new life. D) To give up and forget about the inheritance.

7. What was the outcome of the story? A) The sisters continued to fight over their inheritance and never reconciled. B) The younger sister gave in to the older sister's demands. C) The sisters shared their inheritance and worked together. D) The sisters became even more divided and never spoke to each other again.

8. 
   

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Paf04.20.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

In English, there are several ways to express future actions or events, including the simple future, future continuous, future perfect, future perfect continuous, and the use of modal verbs.

Here's a chart showing the differences and meanings of each tense:

Tense	Form	Example	Use
Simple future	Subject + "will" + base form of verb	I will walk to work tomorrow.	Future actions or predictions.
Future continuous	Subject + "will be" + present participle (-ing)	I will be walking to work at this time tomorrow.	Ongoing actions in the future.
Future perfect	Subject + "will have" + past participle	By this time next week, I will have walked to work ten times.	Completed actions in the future before another future action.
Future perfect continuous	Subject + "will have been" + present participle (-ing)	By the end of the year, I will have been walking to work for six months.	Ongoing actions in the future before another future action, with a focus on the duration of the action.
Modal verbs	Subject + modal verb + base form of verb	She might walk to work tomorrow.	Expresses probability, possibility, ability, or obligation.

And here are some exercises to practice using these future tenses:

1. Complete the sentences with the correct future tense:

a. I ____________ to work tomorrow. (simple future) b. She ____________ to be walking to work at this time next week. (future continuous) c. They ____________ finished packing by the time we arrive. (future perfect) d. We ____________ walking to work for three hours by the time we get home. (future perfect continuous) e. He ____________ the news by the end of the day. (simple future) f. She ____________ take the day off if she's not feeling well. (modal verb)

2. Choose the correct future tense to complete the sentences:

a. We (will/will be) traveling to Europe next summer. b. They (will have/will have been) living in this city for ten years next month. c. She (might/will) come to the party if she finishes her work on time. d. I (will/will have) finished my project by the end of the week. e. He (will be/will have been) playing soccer for two hours by the time we arrive. f. They (could/will) win the game if they play well.

I hope this helps!

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Paf04.19.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

In English, there are four past tenses: simple past, past continuous, past perfect, and past perfect continuous.

Here's a chart showing the differences and meanings of each tense:

Tense	Form	Example	Use
Simple past	Subject + past tense of verb	I walked to work yesterday.	Completed actions in the past.
Past continuous	Subject + "was/were" verb + present participle (-ing)	I was walking to work when it started to rain.	Ongoing actions in the past (interrupted by another action or event).
Past perfect	Subject + "had" + past participle	I had walked to work before it started to rain.	Completed actions before another past action.
Past perfect continuous	Subject + "had been" + present participle (-ing)	I had been walking to work for an hour before it started to rain.	Ongoing actions before another past action, with a focus on the duration of the action.

And here are some exercises to practice using these past tenses:

1. Complete the sentences with the correct past tense:

a. I ____________ to work yesterday. (simple past) b. She ____________ when she saw the accident. (past continuous) c. They ____________ already left by the time we arrived. (past perfect) d. We ____________ for hours before we finally found the right street. (past perfect continuous) e. He ____________ the news and immediately called his family. (simple past) f. She ____________ studying for the exam all night. (past continuous)

2. Choose the correct past tense to complete the sentences:

a. I (saw/had seen) that movie three times already. b. They (were/had been) waiting for the bus for half an hour. c. She (went/had gone) to the store before she realized she forgot her wallet. d. We (were/had been) watching TV when the power went out. e. He (played/had played) soccer since he was a child. f. They (had been/were) living in that house for ten years before they decided to sell it.

I hope this helps!

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Paf04.18.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

In English, there are four present tenses: simple present, present continuous, present perfect, and present perfect continuous.

Here's a chart showing the differences and meanings of each tense:

Tense	Form	Example	Use
Simple present	Subject + base form of verb	I walk to work every day.	Repeated actions, general truths/facts, and permanent situations.
Present continuous	Subject + "to be" verb + present participle (-ing)	I am walking to work right now.	Actions happening now or around now (temporary situations).
Present perfect	Subject + "have/has" + past participle	I have walked to work many times.	Actions that started in the past and continue until now (unfinished time period) or past actions with a present result.
Present perfect continuous	Subject + "have/has been" + present participle (-ing)	I have been walking to work a lot lately.	Actions that started in the past and continue until now (unfinished time period) or past actions with a present result, with a focus on the duration of the action.

And here are some exercises to practice using these present tenses:

1. Complete the sentences with the correct present tense:

a. I ____________ to music every day. (simple present) b. She ____________ on her homework right now. (present continuous) c. They ____________ their friends for ten years. (present perfect) d. We ____________ for the same company since 2010. (present perfect) e. He ____________ for a walk every morning. (simple present) f. She ____________ English for three hours. (present perfect continuous)

2. Choose the correct present tense to complete the sentences:

a. I (am/was) watching TV when you called. b. They (have/had) been studying for the exam for three hours. c. She (plays/has played) the guitar since she was ten. d. We (are/were) eating dinner when the phone rang. e. He (is/was) always forgetting his keys. f. They (have been/had been) living in this city for five years.

I hope this helps!

Paf04.16.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

                           Happy Easter Day !

Shikoni me kujdes tabelen e meposhteme. Mesoni fjalet e reja ne text. Plotesoni tabelen. Argumentoni zgjidhjen tuaj duke filluar…

“ If the photographer and the doctor are women…..

Pergjigjen tuaj e shkruani ne fletoren e detyrave te shtepise.

Name	Job	Floor

There are four floors in a block of flats. Two women and two men live in the flats; they are an architect, an artist, a doctor and a photographer. The architect lives on the ground floor.
The photographer and the doctor are women. Philip is not an artist. Jane lives on the first floor.
Susan is not a doctor; she lives under Dan.

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Paf04.15.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

Here's a chart with rules for using "used to" correctly:

Rule	Example
Meaning	"Used to" is used to talk about past habits, states or actions that are no longer true or have stopped happening.
Form	Subject + used to + base form of the verb
Example (Positive)	I used to play soccer every Saturday.
Example (Negative)	He didn't use to like spicy food.
Example (Question)	Did you use to live in New York?
Spelling	It is important to spell "used to" as two separate words, and not as "use to" or "used too".

Here are some additional examples:

1. She used to be a vegetarian, but now she eats meat.
2. We used to live in the city, but now we live in the countryside.
3. He used to smoke, but he quit last year.
4. Did you use to go camping with your family when you were younger?
5. I didn't use to enjoy reading, but now I love it.

And here are some exercises to practice using "used to" correctly:

1. ________ you ________ to be afraid of the dark when you were a child? (use / be)
2. She ________ to dance ballet when she was younger. (use)
3. He ________ not ________ to wear glasses, but now he needs them. (use / have)
4. They ________ to have a cat, but now they have a dog. (use)
5. Did you ________ to study French in school? (use)

Answers:

1. Did / used
2. Used
3. Used / have
4. Used
5. Used

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Paf04.14.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

Here's a chart of some common verbs in the past continuous (progressive) tense with their meanings and main uses:

Verb	Past Continuous Tense	Meaning	Main Uses
Be	Was / Were being	Indicates an ongoing state or action in the past	Describing a past ongoing state or action.
Do	Was / Were doing	Indicates an ongoing action in the past	Describing a past ongoing action or activity.
Have	Was / Were having	Indicates an ongoing experience or possession in the past	Talking about a past ongoing experience or possession.
Make	Was / Were making	Indicates an ongoing creation of something in the past	Describing an ongoing creation in the past.
Go	Was / Were going	Indicates ongoing movement from one place to another in the past	Describing an ongoing movement in the past.
See	Was / Were seeing	Indicates an ongoing perception through the eyes in the past	Describing an ongoing perception in the past.
Eat	Was / Were eating	Indicates an ongoing consumption of food in the past	Describing an ongoing consumption in the past.
Drink	Was / Were drinking	Indicates an ongoing consumption of a liquid in the past	Describing an ongoing consumption in the past.

The past continuous tense is formed by using the verb "to be" in the past tense, followed by the present participle (verb + -ing). The main uses of the past continuous tense are to describe an action that was in progress at a specific time in the past, or to describe an ongoing situation or background to a past event.

The rules of using the past continuous tense include:

1. Use the past continuous tense to describe an action that was in progress at a specific time in the past. Example: I was watching TV when the phone rang.

2. Use the past continuous tense to describe an ongoing situation or background to a past event. Example: It was raining all day yesterday.

3. Use the past continuous tense with "when" or "while" to describe two actions happening simultaneously in the past. Example: While I was cooking dinner, my husband was setting the table.

4. Use the past continuous tense with "for" and "since" to describe an action that started in the past and is still ongoing. Example: She has been practicing piano for three years.

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Paf04.13.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

Here's a chart of some common verbs in simple past tense with their meanings and main uses:

Verb	Simple Past Tense	Meaning	Main Uses
Be	Was / Were	Indicates the state or condition in the past	Describing a past state, condition, or identity.
			Describing a past action or event with an indefinite time.
Do	Did	Indicates the completion of an action	Asking questions in the past tense
Have	Had	Indicates possession or experience	Talking about past experiences, actions or states
Make	Made	Indicates the creation of something	Describing completed actions in the past
Go	Went	Indicates movement from one place to another	Talking about past travels or movement
See	Saw	Indicates perception through the eyes	Describing past events or experiences
Eat	Ate	Indicates the consumption of food	Talking about past meals or dining experiences
Drink	Drank	Indicates the consumption of a liquid	Talking about past beverage consumption

It's important to note that these are just a few examples of common verbs in simple past tense, and that there are many other verbs that can be used in this tense as well. The main uses of simple past tense include describing completed actions in the past, discussing past experiences, events or states, and asking questions in the past tense.

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Paf04.12.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

Here's a chart that outlines the differences between the simple past tense and the past continuous tense:

	Simple Past Tense	Past Continuous Tense
Form	Subject + Verb + -ed	Subject + "to be" (in past tense) + Verb + -ing
Example (Positive)	I walked to the store.	I was walking to the store.
Example (Negative)	He didn't play soccer.	He wasn't playing soccer.
Example (Question)	Did you eat breakfast?	Were you eating breakfast?
Use	To describe completed actions in the past.	To describe actions that were in progress at a specific time in the past.
Duration	The simple past tense describes a completed action with a specific duration.	The past continuous tense describes an action that was ongoing and may not have been completed.
Interrupted Action	The simple past tense is used to describe an action that was interrupted by another action.	The past continuous tense is used to describe an action that was in progress when another action interrupted it.

The main difference between the simple past tense and the past continuous tense is that the simple past tense describes completed actions in the past, while the past continuous tense describes actions that were in progress at a specific time in the past. The simple past tense is used to describe an action that occurred at a specific point in the past, while the past continuous tense is used to describe an action that was ongoing and may not have been completed.

Another difference between the two tenses is that the past continuous tense is often used to describe interrupted actions, while the simple past tense is used to describe actions that were completed without interruption.

It's important to note that both tenses are commonly used in English, and the choice between the two depends on the context and the speaker's intention.

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Paf04.07.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

"The Elephant Rope (Belief)." is a popular anecdote that is often used to illustrate the power of limiting beliefs and the importance of challenging our assumptions.

The story goes like this:

A man was walking through an elephant camp and he spotted that the elephants weren't being kept in cages or held by chains. All that was holding them back from escaping the camp was a small piece of rope tied to one of their legs.

As the man gazed upon the elephants, he was completely puzzled as to why the elephants didn't just use their strength to break the rope and escape the camp. They could easily have done so, but instead they didn't even try.

The trainer explained to the man that when the elephants were very young and much smaller, they had tried to break free from the same kind of rope. But no matter how hard they tried, they couldn't break the rope. Believing that they couldn't break free, the elephants gave up trying and never attempted to break free again.

The man was amazed. These huge elephants could break free from their bonds at any time, but because they believed they couldn't, they were stuck right where they were.

The lesson of this story is that we are often limited by our beliefs and assumptions about what is possible. If we challenge these beliefs and try to break free from our self-imposed limitations, we may be surprised at what we are truly capable of achieving.

here are some multiple-choice questions based on the story of "The Elephant Rope (Belief)":

1. What was holding the elephants back from escaping the camp? a) A cage b) Chains c) A small piece of rope tied to one of their legs

2. Why did the elephants never try to break free from the rope? a) They were too weak b) They didn't want to escape c) They believed they couldn't break free

3. What did the man learn from the trainer about the elephants? a) They were very strong b) They were happy in the camp c) They had tried to break free when they were young

4. What is the lesson of this story? a) That elephants are very strong b) That we are often limited by our beliefs and assumptions about what is possible c) That it's impossible to escape from a camp

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Paf04.04.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

In English, "do" and "make" are both verbs that are used to talk about actions. Here is a chart that summarizes the differences between "do" and "make":

Verb	Use	Example
Do	Used for general activities or tasks	I need to do my homework.
Make	Used to create or produce something	She made a cake for the party.

As you can see, "do" is used for general activities or tasks, while "make" is used to create or produce something. Here are some more examples:

• I need to do the dishes before dinner. (general activity)
• She made a painting for her art class. (creation)
• He is doing his best to learn English. (general activity)
• They made a plan for the weekend. (creation)
• We need to do some grocery shopping. (general activity)
• She made a dress for her daughter. (creation)

Here are some common expressions that use "do" or "make":

• Do your best: Try as hard as you can.
• Make a decision: Choose between options.
• Do the right thing: Make a moral choice.
• Make a mistake: Do something incorrectly.
• Do your hair: Style your hair.
• Make a reservation: Book a place or time.

To help you practice using "do" and "make" correctly, here are some exercises:

1. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of "do" or "make":

a) She ___________ a great job on her project. (did/made) b) I need to ___________ the laundry this weekend. (do/make) c) He ___________ a mistake on his test and got a low grade. (did/made) d) We need to ___________ a decision soon. (do/make) e) She ___________ a lot of progress in her English class. (did/made)

2. Rewrite the following sentences using the opposite verb:

a) She made a cup of tea. --> _________________________________________ b) He did his makeup before going out. --> ______________________________ c) They made a mess in the kitchen. --> __________________________________ d) She did a drawing for her art class. --> _______________________________ e) We need to make some time for exercise. --> ___________________________

3. Write a paragraph about a recent activity using "do" and "make." Include at least 5 sentences.

Example: Yesterday, I made dinner for my family. I made a delicious pasta dish with homemade sauce and fresh vegetables. It took a lot of time and effort to make, but it was worth it in the end. After dinner, we did the dishes together and then watched a movie. It was a fun and relaxing evening, and I was happy to spend time with my loved ones.

I hope these examples and exercises help you understand the differences between "do" and "make" in English, and help you practice using them correctly.

There are certain expressions in English that use either "do" or "make" to convey a specific meaning. Here are some common expressions using "do":

• Do your best: try as hard as you can.
• Do someone a favor: help someone out.
• Do the dishes: wash the dishes.
• Do homework: complete school assignments.
• Do a job: perform a task or work.
• Do exercise: engage in physical activity.
• Do research: gather information for a project or paper.
• Do a test: take an exam.
• Do business: conduct transactions or activities related to work.

And here are some common expressions using "make":

• Make a decision: choose between options.
• Make a plan: create a strategy or agenda.
• Make a suggestion: offer an idea or proposal.
• Make progress: move forward or make advancements.
• Make a phone call: place a call.
• Make an effort: try to achieve something.
• Make an appointment: schedule a meeting or appointment.
• Make a point: express an important idea.
• Make a difference: have a positive impact or effect.

Using these expressions correctly can help make your English sound more natural and fluent.

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Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

03.19.2023

Here's a chart that shows the differences between simple past tense and present perfect tense:

	Simple Past Tense	Present Perfect Tense
Form	Subject + Verb (past tense)	Subject + Have/Has + Verb (past participle)
Use	Completed actions or events	Actions or experiences that started in the past and continue to the present
	with a specific time frame	Actions or experiences that have occurred at an unspecified time in the past
Examples	I walked to work yesterday.	I have seen that movie before.
	She finished her homework	They have been to Europe twice.
	last night.
	He played soccer on Saturday.	I have never tried sushi.
		She has studied French for 5 years.

Here are some example sentences and exercises to illustrate the differences between simple past tense and present perfect tense:

1. Simple Past Tense: I ate breakfast this morning.

Present Perfect Tense: I have already eaten breakfast today.

Explanation: The simple past tense is used to describe an action that was completed in the past, while the present perfect tense is used to describe an action that started in the past and continues to the present.

2. Simple Past Tense: She visited her grandmother last weekend.

Present Perfect Tense: She has been to her grandmother's house many times.

Explanation: The simple past tense is used to describe an action or event that happened at a specific time in the past, while the present perfect tense is used to describe an action or experience that has occurred at an unspecified time in the past.

3. Simple Past Tense: I saw that movie last night.

Present Perfect Tense: I have seen that movie before.

Explanation: The simple past tense is used to describe an action that was completed in the past, while the present perfect tense is used to describe an action or experience that has occurred in the past and continues to the present.

4. Simple Past Tense: He played basketball in college.

Present Perfect Tense: They have won several championships.

Explanation: The simple past tense is used to describe a completed action or event in the past, while the present perfect tense is used to describe an experience or result that has occurred in the past and continues to the present.

Exercises:

1. Choose the correct form of the verb to complete the sentence: I __________ (to eat/ate) pizza for dinner last night. a. eat b. ate c. have eaten

Answer: b. ate

2. Choose the correct form of the verb to complete the sentence: He __________ (to work/has worked) at the same company for 10 years. a. work b. worked c. has worked

Answer: c. has worked

3. Choose the correct form of the verb to complete the sentence: She __________ (to see/saw) that movie two years ago. a. see b. saw c. has seen

Answer: b. saw

4. Choose the correct form of the verb to complete the sentence: They __________ (to travel/have traveled) to 10 different countries. a. travel b. traveled c. have traveled

Answer: c. have traveled

5. Choose the correct form of the verb to complete the sentence: She __________ (to finish/finished) her homework an hour ago. a. finish b. finished c. has finished

Answer: b. finished

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Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

03.18.2023

Here's a chart that shows the differences between simple present tense and present perfect tense:

	Simple Present Tense	Present Perfect Tense
Form	Subject + Verb (base form)	Subject + Have/Has + Verb (past participle)
Use	Habitual or repeated actions	Actions completed in the recent past
	General facts or truths	Actions or experiences with no specific time mentioned
	Scheduled or fixed events	Results or consequences of past actions
	Commentary on a narrative	Life experiences or events that continue to the present
Examples	I walk to work every day.	I have lived in New York for 5 years.
	The sun rises in the east.	She has visited 10 countries.
	The concert starts at 8pm.	They have won 3 championships.
	He jumps over the fence.	I have lost my keys.
	She opens the door and enters.	We have already eaten dinner.

Here are some example sentences and exercises to illustrate the differences between simple present tense and present perfect tense:

1. Simple Present Tense: I eat breakfast every day.

Present Perfect Tense: I have already eaten breakfast today.

Explanation: The simple present tense is used to describe habitual or repeated actions, while the present perfect tense is used to describe an action completed in the recent past with no specific time mentioned.

2. Simple Present Tense: The Earth revolves around the Sun.

Present Perfect Tense: I have never been to space.

Explanation: The simple present tense is used to describe general facts or truths, while the present perfect tense is used to describe actions or experiences with no specific time mentioned.

3. Simple Present Tense: The train leaves at 7pm.

Present Perfect Tense: I have missed my train.

Explanation: The simple present tense is used to describe scheduled or fixed events, while the present perfect tense is used to describe the result or consequence of a past action.

4. Simple Present Tense: The hero defeats the villain and saves the day.

Present Perfect Tense: I have lost my keys.

Explanation: The simple present tense is used for commentary on a narrative, while the present perfect tense is used to describe a life experience or event that continues to the present.

Exercises:

1. Choose the correct form of the verb to complete the sentence: I __________ (to see/seen) that movie before. a. see b. saw c. have seen

Answer: c. have seen

2. Choose the correct form of the verb to complete the sentence: She __________ (to eat/eats) dinner at 6pm every day. a. eat b. eats c. has eaten

Answer: b. eats

3. Choose the correct form of the verb to complete the sentence: I __________ (to lose/have lost) my keys and I can't find them. a. lose b. lost c. have lost

Answer: c. have lost

4. Choose the correct form of the verb to complete the sentence: He __________ (to run/has run) 10 marathons in his life. a. run b. ran c. has run

Answer: c. has run

5. Choose the correct form of the verb to complete the sentence: The store __________ (to close/has closed) for the day. a. close b. closed c. has closed

Answer: c. has closed

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Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

13.03.2023

Androcles and the Lion is a fable of Aesop that tells the story of a slave who escapes his cruel master and becomes friends with a lion in the wilderness. Here is the story:

Androcles was a slave who had escaped from his cruel master. He ran into the wilderness and, while hiding in a cave, stumbled upon a lion with a huge thorn in its paw. Androcles approached the lion, and to his surprise, the lion did not attack him. Instead, the lion lay down and held out its paw for Androcles to remove the thorn.

Androcles carefully removed the thorn from the lion's paw, and the lion roared with relief. From that moment on, the lion became Androcles' companion, bringing him food and protecting him from other animals. But eventually, Androcles was captured and returned to his master, who condemned him to death in the arena, to be torn apart by wild animals.

On the day of the spectacle, Androcles was thrown into the arena with a fierce lion. But as the lion charged at him, it recognized Androcles and ran towards him, wagging its tail. The audience was amazed to see the lion licking Androcles' feet and nuzzling its head against his chest. Androcles explained to the amazed crowd how he had helped the lion when it was injured and how it had become his friend.

The emperor, who was in the audience, was so impressed by the story that he pardoned Androcles and set him free, along with his lion companion. Androcles and the lion lived happily ever after.

Here are some multiple-choice questions about the fable:

1. How did Androcles become friends with the lion? A) He tamed the lion with his whip. B) He stumbled upon the lion with a thorn in its paw and removed it. C) He fought the lion and emerged victorious. D) He fed the lion and gained its trust.

Answer:

2. Why was Androcles condemned to death in the arena? A) He stole from his master. B) He killed a fellow slave. C) He helped a lion in the wilderness. D) He tried to escape his master's house.

Answer:

3. What happened when Androcles was thrown into the arena with a fierce lion? A) The lion attacked him and killed him. B) The lion recognized him and ran towards him, wagging its tail. C) Androcles tamed the lion with his whip. D) The lion fled in fear when it saw Androcles.

Answer:

4. What did the emperor do when he heard Androcles' story? A) He ordered Androcles to be killed. B) He pardoned Androcles and set him free. C) He gave Androcles a job in the palace. D) He ordered Androcles to be enslaved again.

Answer:

5. What was the moral of the fable of Androcles and the lion? A) It is possible to befriend even the fiercest of creatures. B) People should not try to escape from their masters. C) It is better to be cruel than to be kind. D) Animals should be feared and avoided at all costs.

Answer:

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Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

March 12. 2023

Here's a chart explaining the English conjunctions "and," "or," "but," "so," "because," and "although," along with examples and exercises:

Conjunction	Usage	Example
And	To join two or more items or ideas.	I like coffee and tea.
Or	To give a choice between two or more items or ideas.	Do you want pizza or pasta for dinner?
But	To show contrast between two ideas.	I want to go out, but it's raining outside.
So	To show the result or consequence of something.	I was running late, so I took a taxi to work.
Because	To show the reason for something.	I stayed home because I was feeling sick.
Although	To show a contrast between two ideas.	Although it was raining, we decided to go for a walk.

Exercise 1: Choose the correct conjunction to complete the sentence.

1. She wants to order pizza __ pasta for dinner. a) and b) or c) but

2. I woke up late, __ I had to skip breakfast. a) so b) or c) because

3. __ it was cold outside, we decided to go for a walk. a) And b) Because c) Although

4. I like both coffee __ tea. a) and b) or c) but

5. He didn't want to come to the party, __ he had other plans. a) so b) because c) although

Exercise 2: Create a sentence using the conjunction given.

1. And Example: I like to read books, and I also like to watch movies.

2. Or Example: Do you want to go to the park or the beach this weekend?

3. But Example: I want to go to the party, but I have to finish my work first.

4. So Example: I studied hard for the test, so I got a good grade.

5. Because Example: I didn't go to the gym because I was feeling tired.

6. Although Example: Although it was late, we decided to stay up and watch a movie.

I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any questions.

paf03.11.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

We often have problems with the English tenses. Please, have a look at the time line, it might help you understand when to use which tense ( only the ones you know so far ).
As there is a similarity between past, present and future tenses, there are just a few rules to keep in mind.

If you know how to use the present progressive correctly to express present actions, you will as well be able to use the past progressive correctly to express past actions.

Try to understand this legend:

Legend

moment in time	action that takes place once, never or several times actions that happen one after another actions that suddenly take place
period of time	action that started before a certain moment and lasts beyond that moment actions taking place at the same time
Result	action taking place before a certain moment in time puts emphasis on the result
Course / Duration	action taking place before a certain moment in time puts emphasis on the course or duration of the action

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paf03.10.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

Once upon a time, in a garden filled with beautiful flowers, there lives a hare named Harry. Harry has many friends in the garden, and he feels like a popular member of the animal community. He loves to run around and play with his friends, the four cats who come to the garden every day.

One day, a new cat comes to the garden for the first time. The cats are surprised to see a hare as they have never seen one before. Harry runs and hides behind a bush, thinking he hears a dog. "There is nothing I can do here," he thinks to himself, and tries to dig a hole to escape.

The cats try to calm Harry down, telling him that there is no dog in the garden. They explain to him that he has nothing to be afraid of and that they will not hurt him. Harry slowly comes out of hiding and begins to feel comfortable around the cats.

As they spend more time together, Harry learns that the cats are not so different from him. They love to play and have fun, just like he does. They all become good friends, and Harry feels truly happy to be a part of their group.

From that day on, Harry plays with the cats every day in the garden, feeling like a valuable and loved member of the animal community. He realizes that sometimes, it takes a new experience and meeting new friends to overcome his fears and become truly happy.

1. What is the name of the hare in the story? a) Harry b) Henry c) Harold d) Hagrid

2. Who are Harry's friends in the garden? a) Four dogs b) Four cats c) Two rabbits d) Three squirrels

3. How does Harry feel about being in the garden? a) He feels lonely b) He feels scared c) He feels popular d) He feels sad

4. What does Harry think he hears when the new cat comes to the garden? a) A bird b) A mouse c) A dog d) A frog

5. How do the cats react to seeing Harry for the first time? a) They are scared of him b) They are surprised to see him c) They don't notice him d) They are angry with him

6. What does Harry do when he thinks he hears a dog? a) He runs and hides b) He attacks the cats c) He jumps over a fence d) He climbs up a tree

7. What does Harry do to try and escape? a) He flies away b) He swims in a pond c) He digs a hole d) He climbs a wall

8. How does Harry feel about the cats after spending time with them? a) He is afraid of them b) He doesn't like them c) He loves them d) He doesn't care about them

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Paf03.09.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

Koha e kryer e plote - Past perfect tense

Në gjuhën shqipe, past perfect tense quhet "koha e kryer e plote". Ky kohë tregon një ngjarje të kryer në të kaluarën para një ngjarjeje të caktuar në të kaluarën.

Past perfect tense krijohet duke përdorur foljen ndihmëse "kam pasur" (had) dhe pjesën e dytë të foljes (past participle) të foljes kryesore. Forma e trete e foljes (past participle) krijohet duke shtuar "-ed" në fund të formës së parë të foljes (base form) për foljet e rregullta. Për foljet e crregullta, pjesa e trete e foljes është e caktuar në një listë të foljeve të crregullta.

Këtu është një shembull i një fjaleje në past perfect tense në shqip:

Unë kisha shkuar në kinema para se fillonte filmi. (I had gone to the cinema before the movie started.)

Në këtë rast, "kisha shkuar" është forma e past perfect tense, e cila tregon një veprim që ishte kryer para një ngjarjeje të caktuar në të kaluarën ("para se fillonte filmi").

Paf03.08.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

The past perfect tense is formed using the auxiliary verb "had" and the past participle of the main verb. The past participle of regular verbs is formed by adding "-ed" to the base form of the verb. The past participle of irregular verbs can be found in a list of irregular verbs.

Here is a chart showing the formation of past perfect tense:

Pronoun	Auxiliary verb	Past participle	Example sentence
I	had	visited	I had visited my friend before I went to the party.
You	had	walked	You had walked to the store before it started raining.
He/She/It	had	finished	He had finished his homework before he watched TV.
We	had	eaten	We had eaten breakfast before we left for work.
You	had	studied	You had studied for the exam before you took it.
They	had	traveled	They had traveled to Europe before they got married.

Note that the past perfect tense describes an action that was completed before another past action or time.

Paf03.07.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

Here is a chart that shows the differences between the simple past tense and past participle tense in English:

Verb	Simple past tense	Past participle tense
Be	Was/Were	Been
Go	Went	Gone
Eat	Ate	Eaten
Drink	Drank	Drunk
Write	Wrote	Written
Break	Broke	Broken
Run	Ran	Run
Fly	Flew	Flown
Give	Gave	Given
See	Saw	Seen
Have	Had	Had
Do	Did	Done

Simple past tense is used to describe a completed action in the past. It is formed by adding "-ed" to the base form of regular verbs, or by using the second form of irregular verbs. It is commonly used to talk about a specific point in time or a duration in the past.

Past participle tense is used with auxiliary verbs to form the present perfect, past perfect, and future perfect tenses. It is also used as an adjective or a noun in some cases. It is formed by adding "-ed" to the base form of regular verbs or by using the third form of irregular verbs.

Note that there are some verbs in English that have irregular simple past and past participle forms, and these verbs must be memorized separately.

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Paf03.06.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

Këtu është një tabelë që tregon dallimet midis tenseve të kaluara të thjeshta (simple past) dhe tenseve të kaluara të pjesëmarrës (past participle) në anglisht, së bashku me përkthimin e tyre në shqip:

Folje	Tense i kaluar i thjeshtë	Tense i kaluar i pjesëmarrës
Qenë	Ishin/Jetuan	Qenë
Shkoj	Shkova	Shkuar
Ha	Haova/Hova	Hëngra/Era
Pij	Piova	Pi
Shkruaj	Shkrova	Shkruar
Thyj	Thova/Thyera	Thyer/Tuajur
Vrapoj	Vrapova	Vrapuar
Fluturoj	Fluturova	Fluturuar
Jap	Dhashë	Dhënë
Shoh	Pashë	Parë
Kam	Kisha/Ka	Pasur
Bëj	Bëra	Bërë

Koha e kaluar e thjeshtë përdoret për të përshkruar një veprim të kryer në të kaluarën. Formohet duke shtuar "-ed" në fund të formës së parë të foljes (base form) për foljet e rregullta, ose duke përdorur formën e dytë të foljeve të crregullta. Përdoret për të folur rreth një pikë të caktuar në kohë ose një periudhe në të kaluarën.

Tense i kaluar i pjesëmarrës përdoret me foljet ndihmëse për të formuar tense të tashme perfekte, tense të kaluara perfekte dhe tense të ardhshme perfekte. Përdoret gjithashtu si një mbiemer ose një emër në disa raste. Formohet duke shtuar "-ed" në fund të formës së parë të foljes për foljet e rregullta, ose duke përdorur formën e tretë të foljeve të parregullta.

Vërejtje: Në anglisht ka disa folje që kanë forma të padukshme të tenseve të kaluara të thjeshta dhe të pjesëmarrës, dhe këto folje duhet të memorizohen veçmas.

Paf03.01.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

Adverb of Frequency	Usage	Example
Always	Used to describe something that happens all the time, without exception.	She always wakes up at 6 AM.
Usually	Used to describe something that happens most of the time.	I usually take a walk in the park after dinner.
Often	Used to describe something that happens frequently, but not all the time.	He often forgets his keys at home.
Sometimes	Used to describe something that happens occasionally, but not regularly.	Sometimes I like to watch a movie instead of going out.
Rarely	Used to describe something that happens infrequently.	She rarely eats fast food.
Hardly ever	Used to describe something that almost never happens.	He hardly ever goes to the gym.
Never	Used to describe something that does not happen at any time.	I never eat sushi.

These adverbs can be used in various tenses and with different types of verbs to describe how often something happens or how likely it is to happen. It's important to note that these adverbs are subjective and can vary based on an individual's perception of frequency.

Ndajfoljet e Frekuencës	Përdorimi	Shembull
Gjithmonë (Always)	Përdoret për të përshkruar diçka që ndodh gjithmonë, pa përjashtim.	Ajo gjithmonë zgjohet në orën 6 të mëngjesit.
Zakonisht (Usually)	Përdoret për të përshkruar diçka që ndodh shumicën e kohës.	Zakonisht shkoj për një shëtitje në park pas darkës.
Shpesh (Often)	Përdoret për të përshkruar diçka që ndodh shpesh, por jo gjithmonë.	Ai shpesh harrohet qelsat në shtëpi.
Ndonjëherë (Sometimes)	Përdoret për të përshkruar diçka që ndodh rastësisht, por jo rregullisht.	Ndonjëherë më pëlqen të shoh një film në vend që të dal.
Rrallë (Rarely)	Përdoret për të përshkruar diçka që ndodh rrallë.	Ajo rrallë ha ushqim të shpejtë.
Shumë rrallë (Hardly ever)	Përdoret për të përshkruar diçka që ndodh shumë rrallë.	Ai shumë rrallë shkon në palestër.
Asnjëherë (Never)	Përdoret për të përshkruar diçka që nuk ndodh në asnjë kohë.	Unë kurrë nuk ha sushi.

Këto ndajfolje të frekuencës mund të përdoren në kohë të ndryshme dhe me lloje të ndryshme të foljeve për të përshkruar se sa shpesh ndodh diçka ose sa e mundshme është të ndodhë. Është e rëndësishme të vini re se këto ndajfolje janë subjektivë dhe mund të ndryshojnë bazuar në perceptimin e një individi për frekuencën.

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paf02.27.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

Hi Grisela, here's a general plan for how to prepare for the TOEFL test:

1. Familiarize yourself with the test format: Before you begin preparing for the TOEFL test, it's important to know what the test format looks like. Take some time to research the different sections of the test, the types of questions you can expect, and the time limits for each section.

2. Assess your current English language skills: Take a practice test to determine your current skill level and identify areas where you need improvement. This will help you create a personalized study plan.

3. Set a study schedule: Plan out a study schedule that works best for you. You may want to consider studying for 1-2 hours per day, several times per week, for a period of several weeks or months leading up to the test.

4. Practice with TOEFL materials: Utilize official TOEFL study materials such as books, sample tests, and online resources to practice each section of the test. This will help you become familiar with the types of questions, the structure of the test, and the timing for each section.

5. Focus on weak areas: Identify the areas where you need improvement and focus your study efforts on those areas. If you struggle with speaking or listening, for example, focus more on those areas.

6. Practice time management: One of the most important factors in succeeding on the TOEFL test is time management. During your practice sessions, be sure to time yourself and practice answering questions within the given time limits.

7. Seek support from others: Consider joining a study group or working with a tutor who can provide support and guidance as you prepare for the test.

8. Take practice tests: Take multiple practice tests to assess your progress and identify areas where you still need improvement. This will help you become more comfortable with the test format and prepare you for test day.

9. Review your mistakes: After taking practice tests, review your mistakes to identify patterns and areas where you still need improvement. Focus on those areas during your study sessions.

10. Stay motivated and focused: Preparing for the TOEFL test can be a long process, so it's important to stay motivated and focused. Keep your study schedule consistent, take breaks when you need them, and stay positive.

Remember that everyone's study plan will be different, so adjust your plan according to your own needs and progress. Good luck with your TOEFL test preparation!

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paf02.26.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

Here's a sample reading section from the TOEFL test, along with some questions and answers:

Reading Passage

The following passage is adapted from a newspaper article about sustainable energy.

As the world continues to grapple with climate change and its effects, there has been an increasing focus on sustainable energy sources such as wind, solar, and hydroelectric power. These sources of energy are becoming more popular for a number of reasons. First, they are cleaner and produce fewer emissions than traditional fossil fuel sources. Second, they are renewable, which means they will not run out in the same way that non-renewable sources will. Finally, they are becoming increasingly affordable and cost-competitive with traditional sources of energy.

One of the most popular sustainable energy sources is wind power. Wind turbines have been around for decades, but recent advances in technology have made them more efficient and more cost-effective. In many parts of the world, wind energy is now competitive with traditional sources of electricity, and many countries are investing heavily in wind power as a way to reduce their reliance on fossil fuels.

Another popular sustainable energy source is solar power. Solar panels can be installed on rooftops, in fields, or even in space, and they convert sunlight into electricity. Like wind power, solar power has become increasingly cost-competitive with traditional sources of energy. However, solar power is not always feasible in every location due to factors such as climate and geography.

Hydroelectric power is another sustainable energy source that has been used for decades. Hydroelectric power plants generate electricity by using the power of falling water to turn turbines. This energy source is particularly popular in areas with large rivers or waterfalls, and it is also one of the most efficient and reliable forms of renewable energy.

Questions

1. What is the focus of sustainable energy sources?
2. What is the main advantage of renewable energy sources?
3. What recent technological advances have made wind turbines more efficient and cost-effective?
4. What are some factors that can make solar power unfeasible in certain locations?
5. In what types of areas is hydroelectric power particularly popular?

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paf02.25.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

Hi Grisela! Këtu është një tabelë që mund të ndihmojë në kuptimin e përdorimit të foljes "used to" në anglisht, me shpjegime në shqip:

Përdorimi	Shpjegim	Shembuj
Used to + Infinitiv	Përshkruan veprime të rregullta në të kaluarën që nuk ndodhin më.	Unë zakonisht shikoja televizorin në darkë. (Tani nuk e bëj më.)
Used to + Infinitiv	Përshkruan gjendje, situata ose zakone të rregullta në të kaluarën që nuk ekzistojnë më.	Ne zakonisht shkonim në plazh çdo verë. (Tani nuk e bëjmë më.)
Didn't use to + Infinitiv	Përshkruan veprime që nuk ishin të zakonshme në të kaluarën, por tashmë janë të zakonshme.	Unë nuk shkruaja shumë poezi, por tani shkruaj shumë.
Used to + Infinitiv	Përshkruan veprime ose situata të caktuara në të kaluarën që nuk ndodhin më.	Unë shkova në shkollë në Tiranë për 4 vite, por tani jam në universitet në Vlorë.
Used to + Infinitiv	Përshkruan zakone, gjendje ose situata të rregullta në të kaluarën që nuk janë më të vërteta, por që ishin atëherë.	Ne zakonisht bënim një turmë njerëzish për të parë futbollin në televizor, por tani kemi marrë një televizor më të madh.

Shpresoj që kjo tabelë do të ndihmojë në kuptimin e përdorimit të foljes "used to" në anglisht.

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paf02.24.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

Hi Grisela, here's a chart with the rules for the simple present tense and some tips on how to use it correctly:

Person/Subject	Rule	Example
Singular (I, You, He/She/It)	Add -s or -es to the verb	I work, You work, He works, She works, It works
Plural (We, You, They)	Add no suffix to the verb	We work, You work, They work

Note: The simple present tense is used to describe actions that are habitual or routine, facts, general truths, and scheduled events.

Examples:

• "I drink coffee every morning." (habitual action)
• "She teaches English at a school." (fact)
• "The sun rises in the east." (general truth)
• "The meeting starts at 2 PM." (scheduled event)

Tips for using the simple present tense correctly:

• Use the third-person singular -s or -es form of the verb for he, she, or it.
• Use the base form of the verb for I, you, we, they.
• Use adverbs of frequency (such as always, usually, rarely, never) to describe how often an action happens.
• Use signal words (such as every day, often, sometimes, on weekends) to indicate the frequency of an action or event.

Example: "I usually exercise in the morning." (adverb of frequency indicating a habitual action)

I hope this chart and tips help!

==

paf02.23.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

Hi Grisela, here's a chart with the rules for the present continuous tense:

Person/Subject	Rule	Example
Singular (I, You, He/She/It)	Subject + am/is/are + present participle (-ing) form of the verb	I am working, You are working, He is working, She is working, It is working
Plural (We, You, They)	Subject + are + present participle (-ing) form of the verb	We are working, You are working, They are working

Note: The present continuous tense is used to describe an action that is happening at the moment of speaking or to describe an action that is in progress at the present time.

Examples:

• "I am writing an email right now." (describing an action happening at the moment of speaking)
• "She is studying for her exam this week." (describing an action in progress at the present time)
• "They are playing football in the park." (describing an action happening at the moment of speaking)

The present continuous tense can also be used to describe future actions that have already been planned or arranged.

Example: "We are having dinner with friends tonight." (describing a future action that has already been planned)

I hope this chart helps!

==

paf02.22.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

Hi Grisela, here's a chart with the rules for the simple present tense:

Person/Subject	Rule	Example
Singular (I, You, He/She/It)	Add -s or -es to the verb	I work, You work, He works, She works, It works
Plural (We, You, They)	Add no suffix to the verb	We work, You work, They work

Note: The third-person singular (he, she, it) form of the verb requires an -s or -es ending to be added to the base form of the verb. Verbs that end in -s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x or -o + consonant add -es to the base form of the verb.

Examples:

• "I play the guitar every day." (no suffix added)
• "She watches television in the evening." (verb "watch" requires an -es suffix)
• "They study hard for their exams." (no suffix added)
• "He runs five miles every morning." (verb "run" requires an -s suffix)

I hope this chart helps!

==========

Hi Grisela,

Try these adjectives and prepositions.

Do you know how to use adjectives with prepositions like interested in or similar to?

Test what you know with interactive exercises and read the explanation to help you.

Look at these examples to see how adjectives are used with prepositions.

I'm interested in the idea. My jacket is similar to yours. She's brilliant at maths. My neighbour is angry about the party. Try this exercise to test your grammar. Grammar explanation

Some adjectives go with certain prepositions. There are no grammatical rules for which preposition is used with which adjective, so it's a good idea to try to learn them together. To help you do this, write new vocabulary in your notebook in a sentence or phrase.

However, there are some patterns that can help you. Let's look at them first. Remember that a preposition is followed by a noun or a gerund (-ing form).

With at

We use at with adjectives like good/bad/amazing/brilliant/terrible, etc. to talk about skills and abilities.

He's really good at English. She's amazing at the piano. They're terrible at organising anything. I'm not very good at drawing.

With about

We often use about with adjectives of feelings like angry/excited/happy/nervous/sad/stressed/worried, etc. to explain what is causing that feeling.

I'm angry about the decision. He's nervous about the presentation. She's excited about the new job. They were worried about the exam.

With of

However, sometimes we use of with feelings. She was afraid of telling her mum. I'm frightened of having an accident. He's scared of flying. You should be proud of your progress.

With to

We can use to to show the connection between people or things.

He's married to the director. I'm addicted to my phone. I'm allergic to nuts. It's similar to the old one.

We can also use to to talk about someone's behaviour towards someone else.

They were really friendly to me. Was he nice to you? He is always polite to everyone. She was very rude to the waitress.

Here are some other useful adjectives with prepositions.

With for

Exercise is good for you. Stress is bad for you. The town is famous for its cheese. I'm responsible for the financial side of the business.

With in

She's interested in the project. They want someone who's experienced in design. I didn't want to get involved in the argument. Do this exercise to test your grammar again.

====

=====

Past habits – ‘used to’, ‘would’ and the past simple 

Zakone të së shkuarës – ‘isha mësuar të’, ‘do të’ dhe koha e kryer e thjeshtë 

 

   Do you know how to talk about past habits using used to, would and the past simple? Look at these examples to see how used to, would and the past simple are used. 

   A dini si të flisni për zakone të së shkuarës duke përdorur isha mësuar të, do të dhe kohën e kryer të thjeshtë? Shihni këta shembuj për të parë si përdoren isha mësuar të, do të dhe koha e kryer e thjeshtë. 

• They used to live in London. 

• I didn’t use to like olives. 

• We would always go to the seaside for our holidays. 

• But one holiday we went to the mountains instead. 

 

 

 

Try this exercise to test your grammar. 

Provoni këtë ushtrim për të testuar njohuritë tuaja gramatikore. 

 

 

 

  Choose the correct option to complete the sentence. 

  Zgjidhni opsionin e saktë për të plotësuar fjalitë. 

 

When I was young we a)____ in a big house in the countryside. On summer mornings my brother and I b)____ while everyone else was asleep. We c)____ breakfast and then go quietly out of the house to the river. We d)____ hours fishing in a small boat belonging to my grandmother. My brother e)____ the names of all the different types of fish that were in the river. We would often fall asleep in the boat and our father f)____ to find us. But Dad g)____ angry because he had done the same when he was a kid. Once I h)____ an enormous fish. I was so happy! 

 

a)	would live  used to live
b)	used to go fishing  have fished
c)	would have  had
d)	would spend  didn’t use to spend
e)	would know  used to know
f)	would come  was coming
g)	wouldn’t get  didn’t use to get
h)	used to catch  caught

 

 

 

Grammar explanation 

Shpjegimi gramatikor 

   When we talk about things in the past that are not true any more, we can do it in different ways. 

   Kur flasim rreth gjërave të së shkuarës të cilat nuk ekzistojnë më, ne mund të shprehemi në mënyra të ndryshme. 

 

 

 

Used to + infinitive 

Isha mësuar të + paskajore 

   We can use used to to talk about past states that are not true any more. 

   Ne mund të përdorim isha mësuar të për të folur për gjendje të së shkuarës, që nuk janë më të vërteta. 

• We used to live in New York when I was a kid. 

• There didn’t use to be a supermarket there. When did it open? 

• Did you use to have a garden? 

 

   We can also use used to to talk about past habits (repeated past actions) that don’t happen any more. 

   Gjithashtu mund të përdorim isha mësuar të për të folur për zakone të së shkuarës (veprime të përsëritura në të shkuarën), të cilat nuk ndodhin më. 

• I used to go swimming every Thursday when I was at school. 

• She used to smoke but she gave up a few years ago. 

 

used to + infinitive should not be confused with be/get used to + -ing, which has a different meaning. The difference is covered here. 

isha mësuar të + paskajore nuk duhet të ngatërrohet me jam mësuar/mësohem + -ing, e cila ka një kuptim tjetër. Ndryshimi është i mbuluar këtu. 

 

 

 

Would 

Do të 

   We can use would to talk about repeated past actions that don’t happen any more. 

   Ne mund të përdorim do të për të folur rreth veprimeve të përsëritura në të shkuarën, të cilat nuk ndodhin më. 

• Every Saturday I would go on a long bike ride. 

• My dad would read me amazing stories every night at bedtime. 

 

   Would for past habits is slightly more formal than used to. It is often used in stories. We don’t normally use the negative or question form of would for past habits. Note that we can’t usually use would to talk about past states.  

   Do të për zakonet e të shkuarës është pak më formale se isha mësuar të. Ajo shpesh përdoret në tregime. Ne nuk përdorim normalisht formën negative dhe atë pyetëse të do të për zakone në të shkuarën. Mbani mend se zakonisht nuk mund të përdorim do të për të folur për gjendje të së shkuarës.  

 

 

 

Past simple 

Koha e kryer e thjeshtë 

   We can always use the past simple as an alternative to used to or would to talk about past states or habits. The main difference is that the past simple doesn’t emphasise the repeated or continuous nature of the action or situation. Also, the past simple doesn’t make it so clear that the thing is no longer true. 

   Ne gjithmonë mund të përdorim kohën e kryer të thjeshtë si një alternativë të isha mësuar të apo do të për të folur për gjendje apo zakone të së shkuarës. Ndryshimi kryesor është se koha e kryer e thjeshtë nuk thekson natyrën e përsëritur apo të vazhduar të veprimit apo situatës. Gjithashtu, koha e kryer e thjeshtë nuk e bën shumë të qartë se gjëja nuk është më e vërtetë. 

• We went to the same beach every summer. 

• We used to go to the same beach every summer. 

• We would go to the same beach every summer. 

 

   If something happened only once, we must use the past simple. 

   Nëse diçka ndodhi vetëm një herë, ne duhet të përdorim kohën e kryer të thjeshtë. 

• I went to Egypt in 2014.  

 

 

 

 

Do this exercise to test your grammar again. 

Bëni këtë ushtrim për të testuar sërish njohuritë tuaja gramatikore. 

 

 

  Choose the correct option to complete the sentence. 

  Zgjidhni opsionin e saktë për të plotësuar fjalitë. 

 

I a)___ a really sporty person. In my first year at university, I b)___ for an hour every morning before breakfast. Then I c)___ the university boxing team and I really started to train hard. During that time, I d)___ to spend at least two hours in the gym every day. When I started my training, I e)___ my diet completely. I f)___ three eggs with toast and fruit for breakfast. I g)___ sugar in my tea because it wasn’t on my diet plan. But then I h)___ my arm and that was the end of my boxing career! 

a)	would be  used to be
b)	have run  would run
c)	joined  used to join
d)	would like  used to like
e)	would change  changed
f)	have had  used to have
g)	didn’t use to have  wouldn’t have
h)	would break  broke

 

 

=====

========

paf02.18.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

Hi Grisela,

Duke ndjekur si me poshte provoni te shkruani dicka se si e kaluat kete fund jave.

fm

Sigurisht, mund t'ju tregoj se si të filloni të shkruani një histori të shkurtër në nivelin A1-A2 në gjuhën angleze. Këtu janë disa hapa që mund t'ju ndihmojnë të filloni:

1. Zgjidhni një temë për historinë tuaj. Tema mund të jetë diçka që ju intereson ose diçka që keni përjetuar personalisht.

2. Identifikoni personazhet dhe vendin ku zhvillohet historia juaj. Këta elementë do t'ju ndihmojnë të krijoni një imazh të qartë të historisë dhe t'ju ndihmojnë të përcaktoni detajet që do t'i përfshini.

3. Filloni me një shprehje e cila do të ndërtojë tensionin ose do t'ju prezantojë lexuesin në situatën fillestare. Për shembull, "Një mbrëmje dimri të ftohtë, Xhuli po shkonte në shtëpi pas një dite të gjatë në punë".

4. Zhvilloni ngjarjen. Përpiqu të mbani lexuesin të angazhuar me ndodhitë që zhvillohen në historinë tuaj. Ju mund të shtoni konflikt, kthesa ose surpriza për t'i bërë ngjarjet interesante.

5. Përfundoni historinë tuaj me një qartësim ose mesazh. Ky do të ndihmojë që historia juaj të kujtohet më lehtë. Mund të jetë diçka si "Në fund, Xhuli u kthye në shtëpi, por ai nuk do ta harrojë kurrë atë darkë të veçantë".

Këto janë disa hapa fillestare që mund t'ju ndihmojnë të shkruani një histori të shkurtër në gjuhën angleze në nivelin A1-A2. Mos harroni të përdorni fjalë dhe shprehje të thjeshta për të ndihmuar që historia juaj të jetë e lehtë për t'u kuptuar nga lexuesi.

=========

paf02.17.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

Grisela and her friends were excited to go on a one-day trip to the great monument of nature in their neighborhood. After finishing school on Friday, they decided to meet up early Saturday morning to start their adventure.

They packed their bags with sandwiches, hot chocolate, and warm clothing, and set off on their journey. As they walked, they saw the snow-covered trees and mountains that surrounded them. They stopped to take pictures and marvel at the beauty of nature.

Finally, they arrived at the monument of nature. They put on their snowshoes and set off to explore the area. The snow was deep, but they didn't mind because they were having so much fun.

They built a snowman and had a snowball fight, and then they sat down to enjoy their sandwiches and hot chocolate. The warm drink was especially satisfying on such a cold day.

After lunch, they continued their adventure, climbing higher up the mountain. They saw amazing views, and they even saw some wild animals. They were careful not to get too close but enjoyed seeing them in their natural habitat.

As the sun started to set, they decided to head back. They were all tired but happy from their adventure. They had a great time exploring the monument of nature and being away from school for a day.

Comprehension Questions:

1. What did Grisela and her friends decide to do after finishing school on Friday?
2. What did they pack for their trip?
3. What did they see as they walked towards the monument of nature?
4. What did they do when they arrived at the monument of nature?
5. What did they have for lunch?
6. What did they see while climbing higher up the mountain?
7. How did they feel at the end of their adventure?
8. What did they enjoy most about their day away from school?

======

paf02.16.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

Armara and her friends, Jane and Michael, went to the park after school. They loved to play in the park and always had a lot of fun. They started to play on the slide and swings, but soon they got bored of those. They decided to play a game of tag instead.

The game of tag was really fun, especially when they started to add new rules. They decided to have a time limit and if the person who was “it” didn't catch someone in the allotted time, they would switch places. After playing for a while, they decided to take a break and have a snack.

Armara brought apples, Jane brought some cookies, and Michael brought some juice boxes. They sat on the benches and enjoyed their snack while chatting about their day. After finishing their snack, they decided to play a game of hide and seek.

Armara counted and Jane and Michael went to find a place to hide. Armara searched for them all over the park and finally found them hiding behind a big tree. They all laughed and decided to play one more round before it was time to go home.

When it was time to leave, Armara and her friends said goodbye and promised to come back to the park the next day. They all went home with big smiles on their faces, happy to have spent the afternoon playing and having fun in the park.

Comprehension Questions:

1. Who did Armara go to the park with?
2. What games did they play in the park?
3. What did they decide to do if the person who was "it" couldn't catch someone in the game of tag?
4. What did Armara, Jane, and Michael have for a snack?
5. What game did they play after they finished their snack?
6. Where did Armara find Jane and Michael when they played hide and seek?
7. What was their favorite part of the day in the park?
8. What did they promise to do at the end of the day?

===========

paf02.14.2023

The story of St. Valentine is a mix of history and legend, and it is believed that he lived in the 3rd century in Rome. Here is the most widely accepted version of the story:

St. Valentine was a priest who lived during a time when the Roman Empire was ruled by Emperor Claudius II. Emperor Claudius believed that single men made better soldiers than those who were married, so he banned marriages. However, St. Valentine continued to secretly perform marriage ceremonies for young lovers.

When the Emperor found out, he had St. Valentine arrested and thrown into prison. While he was in prison, St. Valentine became friends with the jailer's daughter and he is said to have cured her of her blindness. Before he was executed, St. Valentine wrote a letter to the jailer's daughter and signed it "From your Valentine".

St. Valentine was executed on February 14th and was later canonised as a saint. The Catholic Church recognises him as the patron saint of lovers and the feast of St. Valentine is celebrated on February 14th each year.

Comprehension Questions:

1. When did St. Valentine live?
   

2. Who was the ruler of the Roman Empire during St. Valentine's time?
   

3. Why did Emperor Claudius ban marriages?
   

4. What did St. Valentine do in secret?
   

5. Why did St. Valentine write a letter to the jailer's daughter?
   

6. When is the feast of St. Valentine celebrated?

7. 
   

paf 02.13.2023

Fatmir Mani's English School

English Made Easier

Title: The Lost Kitten

Once upon a time, there was a little kitten named Mittens. Mittens lived in a small village with her family. One day, while Mittens was playing outside, she got lost. She didn't know where her home was and she was very scared.

Mittens wandered around for hours, trying to find her way back home. She meowed and meowed, hoping someone would hear her. Finally, she met a kind old woman who asked her what was wrong. Mittens told her about getting lost, and the old woman offered to help.

The old woman took Mittens to her house and gave her some milk to drink. Mittens felt much better and the old woman told her that she would help her find her way home. The old woman asked Mittens to describe her home, and Mittens told her that it was a small, red house with a white fence.

The old woman knew exactly where Mittens' home was and she took her there. When Mittens saw her home, she ran towards it and her family was so happy to see her. They hugged her and gave her lots of treats. Mittens was so grateful to the old woman for helping her find her way home.

From that day on, Mittens was extra careful when playing outside. She always made sure to stay close to her home, so she wouldn't get lost again.

Comprehension Questions:

1. Where did Mittens live?
   

2. What happened to Mittens when she was playing outside?
   

3. Who did Mittens meet who helped her?
   

4. How did the old woman help Mittens find her way home?
   

5. How did Mittens' family react when they saw her again?

=======================

paf02.10.2023

Hi Grisela, 

Ne njesite frazeologjike te mesimeve te ndryshme, ju duhet te kini vere re dy shprehje te tilla si:

"Would you like ...?" apo " I'd like..." 

Ne pergjithesi ne gjuhen angleze n e perdorim shprehjen: "Would you like ..?" sa here kur duam te shprehim kuptimin;" Do you want....?"

Me nje fjale, ne qofte se ju, do te deshironi ti ofroni dikujt dicka, atehere do te ishte shume mire te perdornit shprehjen:' Would you like...?"

psh:" Would you like some coffee?"

"Would you like an orange?"

"What would you like?"

Gjithashtu ju mund  te perdorni te njejten shprehje ne qofte se do te deshironit te ndertonit nje ftese per dike, s psh ne fjaline pyetese:"  Would you like to go for a walk?"

Would you like to come for dinner?"

"What would you like to do this evening?"

I would like.., eshte nje forme te shprehuri gjuhesor me nje doze te larte miresjellje kur ne deshirojme te shprehim mendimin:" Une dua, deshiroj;" Forma e  shkurter e kesaj shprehjeje eshte:"I'd..."

* I am thirsty. I would like a drink.

* I would like some information about Nehemia Gateway Unversity.

* I'd like to see your university.

Shpesh here ju mund te gjendeni para perdoimit te dy shprehjeve te tilla si:

"Would you like ...?" "I'd like.....  apo "Do you like ...?" " I like...."

Ne qofte se fjalia gjendet si:" Would you like some tea?" Atehere kuptimi i saj do te jete = "Do you want some tea?"

Nese fjalia eshte :' Do you like tea?" atehere kuprtimi duhet te jete:=" Do you think tea is nice?"

"Would you like to go to the cinema tonight?"(= Do you want to go tonight?")

Ndersa fjalia:' Do you like going to the cinema?"= ( nje mendim ne pergjithsi; in general)

"I'd like an orange" = ( Can I have an orange?") 

"I like oranges ( in general)

Ushtrim: Gjeni se cili nga ushtrimet e meposhteme eshte i sakte:

1) "Do you like?/ Would you like a chocolate ?"

                           'Yes, please.'

2) "Do you like/Would you like bananas?"

                             'Yes, I love them.'

3) "Do you like/ Would you like an ice-cream?

                              'No, thank you.'

4) "What do you like/ would you like.?"

                               'A glass of water please.'

5) " Do you like/ Would you like to go out for a walk?"

                               'Not now,. Perhaps later.'

6) " I like/ I'd like tomatoes but I don't eat them very often."

                               

7) "What time do you like?/ would you like to have dinner this evening?"

8) " Do you like/ Would you like your new job?"

                                        ' Yes,  am enjoying it.'

9) " Do you like / Would you like something to eat?"

                                               'No, thanks. I am not hungry.'

10) I'm tired. I like/ I'd like to go to sleep now.  

Ne qofte se do te kini pyetje, ju lutem i mundesoni kur te takohemi diten e djele.

fm

==========

paf02.09.2023

Hi Grisela,

Problemet qe has nje student i cili meson gjuhen angleze mund te jene te natyrave te ndryshme. Shpesh here ato lidhen me menyren se si mund te ndertojme nje fjali te sakte. 

Ju lutem ndiqni me kujdes mesimin e meposhtem edhe nese do te  kini ndonje pyetje le ta diskutojme gjate ores sone te arthme. 

fm

Mesimi # 4

A. Sentence structure

      Struktura e fjalise.

The parts of a sentence are the subject, verb, object, complement, and adverbial. A statement begins with the subject and the verb. There are five main structures which we can use to make a simple statement.

Pjeset perberese te fjalise jane: kryefjala, folja, kundrinori, complement ( plotesori ) dhe ndajfolja apo rrethanori. Nje fjali deftore pergjithsisht fillon me  nje kryefjale dhe nje folje. Ne gjuhen angleze ka pese struktura te cilat ne mund ti perdorim per te bere nje deklarate te thjeshte.

1  Subject             Verb   
   Kryefjale    +      Folje

    

My arms           are aching
    Something        happened

2. Subject               Verb                  Object   
   Kryefjale      +     Folje        +        Kundrinor

    I                           need                 a rest
    Five people       are moving      the piano

The subject and the object can be a noun, a pronoun 

(e.g. I) or a noun phrase (eg  the piano)

Kryefjala dhe kundrinori mund te jene te shprehur me:

a) emer

b) peremer

c) grup emeror)

3. Subject                Verb                  Complement
    Kryefjale      +      Folje          +      Komplement ( mbiemer ose emer )

   This piano            is                        heavy

   It                            was                    a big problem

The complement can be an adjective (e.g. heavy) or a noun phrase (e.g. a big problem). The complement often comes after be. It can also come after appear, become, get, feel, look, seem, stay or sound.

Per ta patur te qarte se cfare eshte termi "complement", do te ishte me mire te kuptonim se ai vjen menjehere mbas nje forme te foljes 'be'; dmth mund te vije mbas foljes, am is, are, was, were, been, be, being. Ai mund te jete:

a) mbiemer

b) emer

c) grup emeror.

Gjithashtu ai mund te vije edhe mbas foljesh te tilla si: appear, become,get,feel,look,seem, stay, ose sound. Keto folje quhen ndryshe = link verbs. Per keto folje ju mund te shikoni edhe nje mesim te cilin e kemi kaluar disa ore me pare ne keto faqe.

4.  Subject                 Verb                 Adverbial    
     Kryefjale        +     Folje        +      Ndajfolje ose rrethanor

    It                             is                      on my foot.
    Their house          is                       nearby.

An adverbial can be a prepositional phrase (e.g. on my foot) or an adverb (e.g. nearby).

Me fjalen 'adveribial' mund te kuptoni edhe nje shprehje ndajfoljore me parafjale ose nje ndajfolje.

5.  Subject                  Verb                Object                      Object
     Kryefjale      +        Folje        +      Kundrinor        +        Kundrinor 

    It                             ‘s giving           me                            backache.
    David                      bought            Melanie                   a present.

We use two objects after verbs like give and  send.

Ne mund te perdorim dy kundrinore mbas foljesh te tilla si give dhe send.

B. Adverbials

     Ndajfoljoret

We can add adverbials to all the five main structures.

Ne mund t'ju shtojme ndajfoljore ( dmth ndajfolje ose rrethanore ) te pesta llojeve te fjalive te permendura si me siper.

My arms are aching terribly.                        I really need a rest.

Of course this piano is heavy .                    Fortunately their house is nearby .

===========================

paf02.08.2023

3  Present Simple (1) (I know, I don’t know) 

 

1 We form the Present Simple like this: 

POSITIVE
Singular	I know.
	You know.
	He/she/it knows.
Plural	We know.
	You know.
	They know.

 

I know the answer. 

She starts work at 9.30. 

 

We add -s after he/she/it: 

I start→ he starts                             I live→ she lives 

 

If a verb ends in –ch ,-o ,-sh , or  -ss , we add –es after he/she/it: 

I watch→he watches	You do→he does
They go→it goes	We wash→she washes

 

If a verb ends in a consonant (b,c,d etc.) + y (e.g.study) , we use –ies after he/she/it: 

I study→he studies                          I fly→it flies 

 

2 Now look at these examples of the negative: 

I don’t like that music. 

He doesn’t listen to his teacher. 

NEGATIVE
Full form	Short form
I do not know.	I don’t know.
You do not know.	You don’t know.
He/she/it
does not know.	He doesn’t know.
We do not know.	We don’t know.
You do not know.	You don’t know.
They do not know.	They don’t know.

  

Note that we say: 

He does not know.  (Not He does not knows.) 

3 We use the Present Simple: 

• To talk about things that happen regularly: 

Monday  Tuesday  Wensday 

He plays golf every day. 

 

• To talk about facts: 

• 
  

She comes from France. (=She is French.) 

Greengrocers sell vegetables. 

I don’t speak Chinese. 

 

 

___________________________________________________________________ 

Practice 

A   Add  -s  or  -es  to the verbs in the sentences if it is necessary. If it is not necessary, put a (ü) in the gap. 

 

0. He works_______ in a bank. 

1. They live  ü____  in the France. 

2. I watch _________TV every day. 

3. She go________ to work by car. 

4. The film finish ________  at ten o’clock. 

5. We play _________tennis every weekend. 

6. They go_______ on holiday in August. 

7. He speak__________ Italian and French. 

8. She do____________ her homework every night. 

9. We start __________work at 8:30. 

 

B  Now finish these sentences using a verb from the box. Use each verb once. Remember to add  -s  or  -es  if necessary. 

Fly	Study	Finish	Eat
Sell	Smoke	Drink	Live

  

0. He eats toast for breakfast. 

1. I ________coffee three times a day. 

2. My father ____________ a new language every year. 

3. She__________ to New York once a month. 

4. He ___________ cigarettes a day. 

5. They ______ in Ireland. 

6. He ____________ work at six o’clock. 

7. I _________ fruit in a shop. 

 

C   Write these sentences, using the negative form of Present Simple. 

1. (He/not/live/in Mexico)→   He doesn’t live in Mexico. 

2. (She/not/work/in a bank)→  _________________________________ 

3. (I/not/play/golf) → __________________________________________ 

4. (Paul/not/listen/to the radio)  →  ____________________________ 

5. (We/not/speak/French)→____________________________________ 

6. (You/not/listen/to me!)→_____________________________________ 

7. (My car/not/work)→__________________________________________ 

8. (I/not/drink/tea)→____________________________________________ 

9. (Sheila/not/eat/meat)→_______________________________________ 

10. (I/not/understand/you)→_____________________________________ 

D  Put in the verbs from the box, in the Present Simple. Use each verb once. 

Leave	Start	Arrive	Get	Watch	Work	Brush
Eat	Have	Like	Drink	Go	Stop

 

 

 

Interviewer:	How do you start day, Jim?
Jim:	Well, I get up at six o’clock. I get washed and dressed, and I ____ breakfast at seven o’clock. After breakfast,I ______ my teeth. I ___to work at eight o’clock.
Interviewer:	When do you get to work?
Jim:	I usually _______ at my office at about half past eight. First, I ______ a cup of coffee, and then I ______ work at 8.45 am.
Interviewer:	Where do you work?
Jim:	I _____ in a bank. I am a computer operator. I ______ my job. It’s very interesting.
Interviewer:	When do you eat lunch?
Jim:	I ________ work and I have lunch at one o’clock. I _____ a cup of tea at half past three.
Interviewer:	When do you finish work?
Jim:	I ______ the office at six o’clock. I eat dinner when I get home. Then I _____TV for an hour or two.

 

 

 

E  Use the table to write facts about Joan. A tick (ü) means that something is true. A cross (û) means that something is not true. Use the verbs in brackets. 

0	1	2	3	4
from Scotland ü	in a bank û	in a flat ü	French ü	new films û
from England û	in a shop ü	in a house û	Italian û	old films ü

 

0	(come)	She comes from Scotland.	She doesn’t come from England.
1	(work)	She____________ in a bank.	She___________________ in a shop.
2	(live)	She ______________________	She ____________________________
3	(speak)	__________________________	_________________________________
4	(like)	__________________________	_________________________________

 

=======

paf02.07.2023

Stative verbs 

 

Foljet e gjendjes 

 

   Do you know how to use stative verbs like think, love, smell and have? Look at these examples to see how stative verbs are used. 

   A dini se si t’i përdorni foljet e gjendjes si mendoj, dua, nuhas dhe kam? Shihni këta shembuj për të parë se si përdoren foljet e gjendjes. 

• I think that’s a good idea. 

• I love this song! 

• That coffee smells good. 

• Do you have a pen? 

 

 

 

Try this exercise to test your grammar. 

Provoni këtë ushtrim për të testuar njohuritë tuaja gramatikore. 

 

 

   Choose the correct verb form to complete the sentences. 

   Zgjidhni formën e saktë të foljes për të plotësuar fjalitë. 

1. That can’t be right. I _____ you! 

• don’t believe 

• ‘m not believing 

 

2. My holiday’s next week. I _____ myself on the beach right now! 

• imagine 

• ‘m imagining 

 

3. I’ve changed the design slightly. What _____? 

• do you think 

• are you thinking 

 

4. She’s not answering. _____ her phone with her? 

• Does she have 

• Is she having 

 

5. Fifty-three? Are you sure that’s the answer, or _____? 

• do you guess 

• are you guessing 

 

6. The film’s on at 7 p.m. and 9 p.m. Which _____? 

• do you prefer 

• are you preferring 

 

7. Where’s Grandad? Oh, he _____ the flowers in the garden. 

• smells 

• ‘s smelling 

 

8. I don’t know, but I _____ he’ll win the election. 

• doubt 

• ‘m doubting 

 

 

 

Read the explanation to learn more. 

Lexoni shpjegimin për të mësuar më shumë. 

 

 

 

Grammar explanation 

Shpjegimi gramatikor 

   Stative verbs describe a state rather than an action. They aren’t usually used in the present continuous form. 

   Foljet e gjendjes përshkuajnë një gjendje se sa një veprim. Ato zakonisht nuk përdoren në të tashmen e vazhduar. 

• I don’t know the answer. I’m not knowing the answer. 

• She really likes you. She’s really liking you. 

• He seems happy at the moment. He’s seeming happy at the moment. 

 

 

   Stative verbs often relate to: 

   Foljet e gjendjes shpesh lidhen me: 

• thoughts and opinions: agree, believe, doubt, guess, imagine, know, mean, recognise, remember, suspect, think, understand 

mendimet dhe opinionet: pranoj, besoj, dyshoj, imagjinoj, di, nënkuptoj, njoh, mbaj mend, dyshoj, mendoj, kuptoj 

 

• feelings and emotions: dislike, hate, like, love, prefer, want, wish 

ndjenjat dhe emocionet: nuk pëlqej, urreoj, pëlqej, preferoj, dëshiroj, uroj 

 

• senses and perceptions: appear, be, feel, hear, look, see, seem, smell, taste 

shqisat dhe perceptimet: shfaq, jam, ndiej, dëgjoj, vështroj, shoh, dukem, nuhas, shijoj 

 

• possession and measurement: belong, have, measure, own, possess, weigh. 

pronësi dhe matjet: përket, kam, mat, zotëroj, kam në pronësi, peshoj. 

 

 

 

 

Verbs that are sometimes stative 

Foljet që tregojnë ndonjëherë gjendje 

   A number of verbs can refer to states or actions, depending on the context. 

   Një numër foljesh mund t’i referohet gjendjeve apo veprimeve, në varësi të kontekstit. 

• I think it’s a good idea. 

• Wait a moment! I’m thinking. 

 

   The first sentence expresses an opinion. It is a mental state, so we use present simple. In the second example the speaker is actively processing thoughts about something. It is an action in progress, so we use present continuous. 

   Fjalia e parë shpreh një mendim. Ajo është një gjendje mendore, kështu që përdorim kohën e tashme. Në shembullin e dytë folësi është duke përpunuar mendimet për diçka në mënyrë aktive, kështu që përdorim kohën e tashme të vazhduar. 

 

 

 

Some other examples are: 

Disa shembuj të tjerë janë: 

 

 

have 

kam 

• I have an old car. (state – possession) 

(gjendje – pronësi) 

• I’m having a quick break. (action – having a break is an activity) 

(veprim – të pushosh pak është një veprimtari) 

 

 

see 

shoh 

• Do you see any problems with that? (state – opinion) 

(gjendje – mendim) 

• We’re seeing Tadanari tomorrow afternoon. (action – we’re meeting him) 

(veprim – do ta takojmë atë) 

 

 

be 

jam 

• He’s so interesting! (state – his permanent quality) 

(gjendje – cilësi e tij e përhershme) 

• He’s being very unhelpful. (action – he is temporarily behaving this way) 

(veprim – ai po sillet kështu përkohësisht) 

 

 

taste 

shijoj 

• This coffee tastes delicious. (state – our perception of the coffee) 

(gjendje – perceptimi ynë për kafen) 

• Look! The chef is tasting the soup. (action – tasting the soup is an activity) 

(veprim – të shijuarit e supës është veprim) 

 

 

 

   Other verbs like this include: agree, appear, doubt, feel, guess, hear, imagine, look, measure, remember, smell, weigh, wish. 

   Folje të tjera kështu, përfshijnë: pranoj, shfaq, dyshoj, ndiej, hamendësoj, dëgjoj, imagjinoj, vështroj, mat, mbaj mend, nuhas, peshoj, uroj. 

 

 

 

 

Do this exercise to test your grammar again. 

Bëni këtë ushtrim për të testuar sërish njohuritë tuaja gramatikore. 

 

 

   Choose the correct verb form to complete the sentences. 

   Zgjidhni formën e saktë të foljes për të plotësuar fjalitë. 

 

1. Are you making bread? It _____ amazing. 

• smells 

• ‘s smelling 

 

2. I _____ they’ll be here quite soon. 

• imagine 

• ‘m imagining 

 

3. We _____ coffee with Xavier later today. 

• have 

• ‘re having 

 

4. I’m sorry, I _____. 

• don’t understand 

• ‘m not understanding 

 

5. Sam thinks it’s a good idea, and Ben _____. 

• agrees 

• ‘s agreeing 

 

6. I _____ this avocado to see if it’s ready to eat. 

• feel 

• ‘m feeling 

 

7. She _____ the dentist at 4 p.m. today. 

• sees 

• ‘s seeing 

 

8. Do you know what I _____? 

• mean 

• ‘m meaning 

==========

paf02.06.2023

Hi Grisela,

Folja " Te jesh" eshte nje folje ndihmese ne gjuhen angleze. C'eshte nje folje ndihmese?

Folje ndihmese quhen ato folje te cilat perdoren se bashku me nje folje tjeter kuptimore ne nje fjali edhe te dyja bashke sherbejne per te shprehur nje veprim ose nje gjendje te caktuar.
Folja " to be " mund te perdoret edhe si nje folje ndihmese e cila sherben per te ndertuar nje situate ne te cilen veprimi tregohet ne progres, ne ecuri e siper.
psh: Marjol Is reading a book.

The verb "to be" as an auxiliary verb

Auxiliary verbs are verbs that are used together with the main verb of the sentence to express the action or state. The verb "to be" can be used as an auxiliary verb to express ongoing (continuing) actions. For example: Anna is eating a sandwich.

2  Be: Present Simple (2) (Am I …? Are you…?) 

1 We use be : 

• To talk how we feel: 

I’m happy.	They’re sad.
They’re bored.	She’s tired.
We’re hungry.	I’m thirsty.
He isn’t afraid.	They’re cold.

• To say hello: 

Jane: I’m fine thanks.How are you? 

• To apologize : 

Mary : I’m sorry I’m late. 

Chris : It doesn’t matter. 

• To describe things  : 

It isn’t expensive.It’s cheap. 

It’s an old film.It isn’t very good. 

These photos are bad. 

( For other uses of be,see unit 1.) 

2 We often use there+be (e.g. there is , there are) to talk about where things are: 

SINGULAR: 

There’s a supermarket in this street. 

There is a telephone in the flat. 

PLURAL: 

There are some good cafés in the centre of the town. 

We also use there+be to talk about when things happen: 

There is a bus to London at 6 o’clock. 

There are taxis , but there aren’t any buses on Sunday. 

There isn’t another train to Manchester today. 

  

3 We form questions with be in the Present Simple like this: 

	QUESTIONS
Singular	Am I
	Are you	late?
	Is  he/she/it
Plural	Are we
	Are you	late?
	Are they

Here are questions with all the forms of be: 

Am I late for the film? 

Are you twenty years old? 

Is he at home now? 

Is she French or Italian? 

Is it time to go home? 

Are we ready to leave? 

Are you both at university? 

Are they in London today? 

Practice  

A  Make sentences about the pictures using the words in the box.Use He/She/They and the Present Simple of be. 

tired	sad	thirsty	happy
hungry	bored	afraid	cold

0. She’s thirsty. 

1. He’s cold. 

2. They’re happy. 

3. He’s afraid. 

4. She’s bored. 

5. He’s hungry. 

6. They’re sad. 

7. They’re tired. 

B  Use there+be to say what we can and cannot find in the town of Smallwood. 

0. (a cinema: yes) There’s a cinema. 

0. (a river) There isn’t a river. 

1. (restaurants: 10) There are ten restaurants. 

2. (any museums) There aren’t any museums. 

3. (a castle)  There isn’t a castle. 

4. (baker’s shops: 2) There are two baker’s shops. 

5. (a zoo: yes) There is a zoo. 

6. (banks: 6) There are six banks. 

7. (a luxury hotel: yes)There is a luxury hotel. 

8. (a theatre) There is a theatre. 

9. (newsagents: 6) There are six newsagents. 

10. (many tourists)There aren’t many newsagents. 

C   Write questions by putting the words in brackets ( ) in the correct order. 

0. (thirsty-you-are)  Are you thirsty? 

1. (a teacher-you-are)  Are you a teacher? 

2. (they-bored-are)  Are they bored? 

3. (is-afraid-he)  Is he afraid? 

4. (she-tired-is)  Is she tired? 

5. (are-you-how)  How are you? 

6. (cold today-it-is)  Is it cold today? 

7. (she-Spanish-is)  Is she Spanish? 

8. (they-from London-are)  Are they from London? 

D  Write questions using the words in brackets ( ) and form of be. 

                      QUESTIONS                                   ANSWERS 

0. (you/Spanish) Are you Spanish? – No,I’m French. 

1. (you/hungry) Are you hungry? – No,I’m thirsty. 

2. (she/your sister) Is she your sister? –No,she’s my mother. 

3. (I/ late) Am I late? –No,you’re on time. 

4. (they/from America) Are they from America? –No,they’re from Canada. 

5. (he/a tennis player) Is he a tennis player? –No,he’s a footballer. 

6. (you/happy) Are you happy? –No,I’m sad. 

7. (she/at home) Is she at home? –No,she’s at work. 

8. (he/twenty) Is he twenty? –No,he’s eighteen years old. 

E  Put forms of be in these conversations. 

Steve: This is Joan,my sister. 

Tom:   Hello,Joan.Are you a student? 

Joan:   No,I’m a dentist.I work in Brighton. 

Mike:  How are you,Sally? 

Sally:   I’m fine,thanks. 

Mike:  Are you hungry,Sally? 

Sally:   Yes.Is there a good restaurant near here? 

Mike:  Yes.There is a restaurant in Wellington Street.The food is good at it and       

          is very cheap. 

==============

paf02.05.2023

In this message our focus should be on dynamic verbs vs. stative verbs.

Here is a quick reminder:

Dynamic = moving or changing. Dynamic verbs are verbs that describe an action, not a state. For example: Take, break, eat, jump, work, find, buy, dance, fish. Stative = having a state, or existing. Stative verbs are verbs that describe a state, not an action. For example: Have, love, agree, be, want, hate, know, own, cost, sound, prefer, seem, hear. Note that stative verbs usually describe: - Relationships between things or people (for example, "have") - Emotions or states of mind (for example, "love" and "agree")  - Appearance and senses (for example, "seem" and "hear") - Measurements (for example, "weigh")

Using stative verbs

Stative verbs are not usually used in the progressive tenses. Correct: I love you. Incorrect: I'm loving you. Correct: Do you agree? Incorrect: Are you agreeing? Correct: He doesn't deserve to win. Incorrect: He isn't deserving to win. Correct: She hated the winter. Incorrect: She was hating the winter. Correct: Did you hear that noise? Incorrect: Were you hearing that noise? Correct: The trip didn't include a visit to the beach. Incorrect: The trip wasn't including a visit to the beach. Correct: They will remember us. Incorrect: They will be remembering us. Correct: Will it surprise you? Incorrect: Will it be surprising you? Correct: This will probably weigh a lot. Incorrect: This will probably be weighing a lot. As you must know, words usually have more than a single meaning.  Likewise, some verbs have both stative and dynamic meanings. For example, the verb "have" is such a verb.  It has many different meanings (you can learn about them in the English Helping Verbs Course). One of these meanings is "to own." This is a stative meaning, since it describes a state, and not an actual action. Examples: "I have two cats." "You have a new laptop." "We have too many problems." Another meaning of the verb "have" is "to drink, eat, or smoke something." Examples: "They had a drink at the bar." "We have lunch every day at noon." "I will have a cigarette or two." I think you can agree with me that this meaning is fully dynamic.  Drinking, eating and smoking are definitely actions and not states. So in such a case, "have" can be used in the progressive tenses, too. Correct: We never have breakfast. (dynamic meaning) Correct: We are having lunch right now. (dynamic meaning) Correct: We have a house. (stative meaning) Incorrect: We are having a house. (stative meaning) Correct: Jenifer tastes wine for a living. (dynamic meaning) Correct: Jenifer is tasting some wine right now. (dynamic meaning) Correct: This wine tastes awful. (stative meaning) Incorrect: This wine is tasting awful. (stative meaning) Correct: I always think too much. (dynamic meaning) Correct: I am thinking about your offer. (dynamic meaning) Correct: I think you are right. (stative meaning) Incorrect: I am thinking you are right. (stative meaning) Here are some verbs with both dynamic and stative meanings: Be, have, see, smell, taste, think, expect, feel. Example sentences (stative and then dynamic): He is (has the identity of) a boy / He is being (behaving) naughty. I can see (notice with eyes) you now / I am seeing (dating) a doctor. He can't smell (notice the smell) from birth / Your puppy is always smelling (trying to get the smell of) me. This cake tastes (has a taste) great / We are just tasting (checking the taste of) the cake. They think (have opinion) this is wrong / They are thinking (considering) what to do. I don't expect (think it will happen) a raise / We were not expecting (waiting for) any guests. She feels (has a feeling) depressed / She is feeling (touching) the texture of the fabric.

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paf002.04.2023

 Unit 1 Present Continuous (I am doing) 

Mësimi 1 E tashmja e vazhduar (Jam duke bërë) 

 

1. Study this example situation: 

Studioni këtë shembull situate: 

Sarah is in her car. She is on her way to work. 

She’s driving to work. (=She is driving…) 

 

This means: she is driving now, at the time of speaking. The action is not finished. 

Kjo do të thotë: ajo është duke ngarë makinën tani, në kohën që jemi duke folur. Veprimi nuk është i përfunduar. 

 

am/is/are + -ing is the present continuous: 

am/is/are + -ing është e tashmja e vazhduar: 

I  he/she/it  we/you/they

am  is  are

(=I’m)  (=he’s, etc.)  (=we’re, etc.)

driving  working  doing, etc.

 

 

2. I am doing something = I started doing it, and I haven’t finished. I’m in the middle of doing it. 

Unë jam duke bërë diçka = fillova ta bëja, por nuk kam përfunduar. Jam në mes të kryerjes së këtij veprimi. 

• Please don’t make so much noise. I’m trying to work. (not I try) 

• “Where’s Mark?”   “He’s taking a shower.” (not He takes a shower) 

• Let’s go out now. It isn’t raining anymore. (not It does

  
  Steve says “I’m reading…” but he is not reading the book at the time of speaking. He means that he has started reading the book but has not finished it yet. He is in the middle of reading it. 

  Stiv thotë “Jam duke lexuar…” por

• n’t rain) 

• How’s your new job? Are you enjoying it? 

• What’s all that noise? What’s going on?  or   What’s happening? 

 

Sometimes the action is not happening at the time of speaking. For example: 

Ndonjëherë veprimi nuk është duke ndodhur në momentin që jemi duke folur. Për shembull: 

Steve is talking to a friend on the phone. He says: 

Stiv po i flet një miku në telefon. Ai thotë: 

ai nuk është duke e lexuar librin në momentin që është duke folur. Kjo nënkupton se ai ka filluar të lexojë librin, por nuk e ka përfunduar ende. Ai është në mes të këtij veprimi, pra leximit të librit. 

 

Some more examples: 

Disa shembuj të tjerë: 

• Kate wants to work in Italy, so she’s learning Italian.  

(but perhaps she isn’t learning Italian at the time of speaking) 

Keit dëshiron të punojë në Itali, kështu që ajo është duke mësuar gjuhën italiane. 

(por ndoshta ajo nuk është duke mësuar italisht në momentin që po flitet) 

• Some friends of mine are building their own house. They hope to finish it next summer. 

 

 

3. You can use the present continuous with today, this week, this year, etc. (period around now): 

Ju mund ta përdorni të tashmen e vazhduar me sot, këtë javë, këtë vit, etj. (periudhë rreth të tashmes): 

• A: You’re working hard today. (not You work hard today) 

B: Yes, I have a lot to do. 

• The company I work for isn’t doing so well this year. 

 

We use the present continuous when we talk about a change that has started to happen. We often use these verbs in this way: 

E përdorim të tashmen e vazhduar kur flasim rreth një ndryshimi që ka filluar të ndodhë. Shpesh përdorim këto folje në këtë mënyrë: 

getting	changing	increasing	rising	starting
becoming	improving	growing	failing	beginning

 

• Is your English getting better? (not Does your English get better) 

• The population of the world is increasing very fast. (not increases) 

• At first I didn’t like my job, but I’m starting to enjoy it now. (not I start) 

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………… 

Exercises  ~  Ushtrime 

 

1. What’s happening in the pictures? Choose from these verbs: 

Çfarë është duke ndodhur në figura? Zgjidhni nga këto folje: 

 

 

 

1 She’s taking a picture.  2 He _____________ his shoelaces.  3 ______________ the road.

4 _____________ his head.  5 _____________ behind a tree.  _____________ to somebody.

 

2. The sentences on the right follow those on the left. Which sentence goes with which? 

Fjalitë në të djathtë ndjekin ato në të majtë. Cilat fjali lidhen me njëra-tjetrën? 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3. Write questions. Use the present continuous. 

Formoni pyetje. Përdorni të tashmen e vazhduar. 

1. What’s all that noise?    What’s happening?   (what / happen?) 

2. What’s the matter? _____________________ (why / you / cry?) 

3. Where’s your mother? ___________________ (she / work / today?) 

4. I haven’t seen you in ages. __________________ (what / you / do / these days?) 

5. Amy is a student. ___________________ (what / she / study?) 

6. Who are those people? __________________ (what / they / do?) 

7. I heard you started a new job. _________________ (you / enjoy / it?) 

8. We’re not in a hurry. ___________________ (why / you / walk / so fast?) 

 

4. Put the verb into the correct form, affirmative (I’m doing, etc.) or negative (I’m not doing, etc.). 

Vendosni foljen në formën e duhur, dëftore (Jam duke bërë, etj.) ose negative (nuk jam duke bërë, etj.). 

1. Please don’t make so much noise. I’m trying (I / try) to work. 

2. Let’s go out now. It isn’t raining (it / rain) anymore. 

3. You can turn off the music. __________________ (I / listen) to it. 

4. Kate called last night. She’s on a trip with friends. _____________ (She / have) a great time and doesn’t want to come back. 

5. Andrew started evening classes recently. _______________ (He / learn) Japanese. 

6. Jason and Sarah have had an argument and now ______________ (they / speak) to each other. 

7. The situation is already very bad, and now _______________ (it / get) worse. 

8. Tim ______________ (work) today. He’s taken the day off. 

9. ________________ (I / look) for Allison. Do you know where she is? 

10. The washing machine has been repaired. _____________ (It / work) now. 

11. ________________ (They / build) a new hospital. It will be finished next year. 

12. Ben is a student, but he’s not very happy. ______________(He / enjoy) his courses. 

13. ________________ (The weather / change). I think it’s going to rain. 

14. Dan has been in the same job for a long time. ________________ (He/ start) to get bored with it.