Mesimi 22

Lesson 22/Twenty-second lesson

Fjalor

Si shkruhet	Si lexohet	Si perkthehet
away	/əuei/	larg
at once	/æt w ʌns/	menjehere
before	/bi’fɔ:*/	perpara, para
can	/kæn, kən/	mund
carefully	/k ɛ əfuli/	me kujdes
date	/deit/	date
driver	/’draiv ə*/	shofer
during	/’dju əriŋ/	gjate
eighth	/eitθ/	i teti
engine	/’end ʒin/	motor
fifth	/fifθ/	i pesti, e pesta
first	/f ə:st/	i pari
foot	/fut/	(nje) kembe (mase)
feet	/fi:t/	kembe (shumesi i foot)
fourth	/’f ɔ: θ/	i katerti, e katerta
fortieth	/’f ɔ:ti ə θ/	i dyzeti
third	/ θ ə:d/	i treti, e treat, te tretet, te tretat
(to) hear	/hi ə:*/	degjoj
(to) keep	/ki:p/	mbaj
knob	/n ɔb/	doreze
(to) learn	/l ə:n/	mesoj
learner	/’ l ə:n ə*/	nxenes
license	/’lais əns/	patente
(to) move	/mu:v/	leviz
nicely	/’naisli/	bukur, per bukuri, mire
ninth	/nain θ/	i nenti, e nenta
of course	/ɔv kɔ:s/	sigurisht, patjeter
pedal	/’ped əl/	pedale
(to) pull	/pul/	terheq
(to) run	/r ʌn/	vrapoj, rrotulloj, ve ne levizje
seat	/si:t/	ndenjese
second	/sekənd/	i dyti, e dyta, sekonde
(to) show	/ ʃow/	shfaq, tregoj, paraqes
soon	/su:n/	se shpejti, se afermi
(to) start	/sta:t/	filloj, nis
(to) switch off	/switʃ ɔv/	fik, shuaj
(to) switch on	/swi tʃ ɔn/	ndez, hap
(to) teach	/ti: tʃ/	jap mesim, mesoj
teacher	/ ti: tʃə*/	mesues, mesuese
thirtieth	/ ‘θə:tiəθ/	i tridhjeti
(to) try	/trai/	perpiqem, provoj
twelfth	/’twelf θ/	i dymbedhjeti
valid	/’v ælid/	i vlefshem
(to) watch	/wɔtʃ/	shikoj, veshtroj, ruaj
week	/wi:k/	jave
when	/wen/	kur

Parafjale dhe shprehje kohore:

Sot do te mesojme perdorimin e disa parafjaleve dhe shprehjeve kohore:

After	Pas, mbas, prapa
After lunch	Pas darke
After a late night	Mbas nje nate vone
Before	Para, perpara
Before dinner	Para darke
After the lesson	Pas mesimit
After work	Pas pune
Before the meeting	Para mbledhjes

Shenim:

·      
Parafjalet after dhe before mund te jene gjithashtu edhe lidheza per nje fjali kohore. Me keto lidheza perdoret menyra deftore, ne vend te lidhores se shqipes. Shembuj:

Open the kitchen window, before you start cooking.

Hape deren e kuzhines, perpara se te fillosh te gatuash.

After she sees her grandmother, she is coming home.

Pasi te takoje gjyshen e saj, ajo do te vije ne shtepi.

·      Lidheza when (kur) nuk kerkon qe fjalia kohore te kete foljen ne kohen e ardhme , prandaj koha e ardhme qe perdoret ne shqip, ne anglisht duhet te zevendesohet me kohen e tashme te deftores, si p.sh.:

They are going to sing when they are ready.

Parafjalet at, in, on

at    - ne, tek,te

in    -  brenda, ne

on  -  mbi, ne

Shembuj:

In February

At night

In winter

In the morning

In the afternoon

In the evening

On Monday

·     
On- perdoret per rrethanorin e kohes se percaktuar me ditet e javes kur keto nuk paraprihen nga fjalet next-tjeter (dita qe vjen) dhe last-e fundit (dita e kaluar), te cilat nuk pranojne asnjehere parafjale edhe me ditet e muajit, si p.sh.:

·       She is leaving on Monday.  Ajo do largohet te henen.

·       They are coming on the first of April.  Ata do vijne me 1 Prill.

·       She is leaving next Thursday. Ajo do largohet te enjten tjeter.

·       She came last Saturday. Ajo erdhi te shtunen e kaluar.

At once-menjehere, pernjehere

·      She wants to begin at once. Ajo do te filloje menjehere.

All the time-gjithe kohen, vazhdimisht, pa pushim.

He works all the time- Ai punon gjithe kohen.

Numeroret rreshtore:

·      Rikujtojme se pervec numeroreve first ( i pari), second ( i dyti) dhe third (i treti) dhe te gjithe numeroret e tjere qe perbehen prej ketyre te treve, numeroret e tjere rreshtore formohen duke i shtuar th/θ/ numerorit perkates themelor.

v Keshtu numerori four behet fourth; six-sixth; seven-seventh;  ndersa ten behet tenth e keshtu me radhe. Nga ky rregull perjashtohen numeroret themelore five dhe eight qe behen fifth dhe eighth. Pra, sic e veme re , numerori themelor five e humbet zanoren e zeshme e, ndersa eight, humbet bashketingelloren fundore t.

v Numeroret themelore qe mbarojne me y, e ndryshojne kete te fundit ne ie perpara se te marrin mbaresen th, si p.sh. seventy-sevent-ieth;   thirty-thirt-ieth etj. Nga numerori themelor four (kater) kemi fourth ( i katerti) dhe fortieth ( i dyzeti), por sic e veme re tek rasti i dyte, zanorja u e numerorit themelor four bie duke u bere fortieth.

v Sic e kemi thene edhe me perpara, numeroret first, second dhe third, bejne perjashtim. Ata thuhen keshtu edhe ne rastin kur numerori eshte i perbere:p.sh.: thirty-first, per (thirty-one);  thirty-second per( thirty-two); twenty-third ( thity-three) etj.

v Kur numeroret rreshtore shkruhen me shifra, numerori themelor ndiqet nga dy shkronjat e fundit te fjales: 1^st , 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, 5^th, 10^th, 11^th, 21^th, 22^nd, 23^rd, etj.

Shkrimi i datave

·      Kur mesuam menyren se si shkruhen letrat ne leterkembimin anglez, vume re se datat shkruhen me numeroret rreshtore, ne vend te numeroreve themelore qe perdoren ne leterkembimin shqip. Megjithate, ne pergjithesisi p.sh. ne paraqitjen e fakteve historike, datat lexohen dhe shkruhen ne menyren qe vijojne:

The first of December.   1 Dhjetor.

The twenty-sixth of December. 26 dhjetor

The thirty-first of July.  31 korrik.

·      
Rikujtojme se ne letra, datat shkruhen me shifra, ndersa nyja the dhe parafjala of, nenkuptohen. Numri qe tregon diten (daten) vendoset lirshem para emrit te muajit, si 
p.sh.:

March 23, 1945.            23 mars 1945

23 March, 1945             23 mars 1945

23^rdMarch, 1945           23 mars 1945

October 21, 1985           21 tetor 1985

21 October, 1985           21 tetor 1985

21^stOctober, 19485          21 tetor 1985

·      Vitet per lehtesi leximi, behen duke i ndare ne grupe, dy e nga dy:

1985-nineteen, eighty-five (ose nineteen hundred and eighty-five).

·      Kjo menyre leximi te shifrave eshte e vlefshme vetem per datat. Kur shifra per dhjeteshet eshte 0 (zero), atehere duhet te themi gjithmone hundred si p.sh.: 1807-eighteen hundred and seven.

Bashkebisedim:

Kate: Peter, are you going to teach me to drive soon?

Peter: Do you really want to learn, Kate?

Kate: Of course I do. When are you going to begin?

Peter:  Well, what’s the date today? The twelfth of July. All right. Your first lesson is next week, Monday the seventeenth of July.

Kate: But, that’s very late! I want a lesson today, at once.

Peter: You haven’t a learner’s license.

Kate: Yes, I have. Here it is. It’s valid from the eleventh of July to the tenth of October.

Peter: Oh, well, all right! Let’s begin. No, sit in the other seat, not in the driver’s seat. I am going to show you first, before you try…now watch carefully. When you are ready to go, switch on the engine. Now, when I pull this knob, the engine starts. Do you see?

Kate: No, I do not see, but I hear!

Peter: Now, she is running very nicely, and we can move away. I keep my foot on this pedal all the time. Now I put my other foot on this pedal, and then  ( perplas makinen te dera e garazhit). Oh, Lord! I did not open the garage door.

Kate: Oh, Peter!

Shpjegime:

Are you going to teach me to drive soon? A do te me mesosh se shpejti te ngas makinen?

Of, course, I do. Sigurisht, qe po; natyrisht qe po, patjeter qe deshiroj te te mesoj.

A learner’s license. Patente, autorizim, leje e perkohshme per drejtimin e makines nga nje kursant apo nxenes.

Driver’s seat. Ndenjesja e shoferit, vendi ku qendron shoferi.

Now, watch carefully. Tani shiko me kujdes.

When you are ready to go, switch on the engine. Kur te jesh gati per tu nisur, ndiz motorin.

Very nicely. Shume bukur, fare mire, per bukuri, ne rregull.

Move away. Te levizim, te nisemi, te levizim qe ketej.

I keep my foot on this pedal all time. Une e mbaj kemben gjithe kohen mbi kete pedale.

Oh, Lord! Oh, zot!

Garage door. Deren e  garazhit.

Verejtje per bashkebisedimin:

·    
  Ne anglisht, sikurse e kemi thene edhe me heret, ka folje mungesore, pra qe i’u mungojne disa trajta. Folje te tilla nuk marrin mbaresen s ne veten e trete njejes te kohes se tashme te menyres deftores.

·  
    Keto folje nuk kane nevoje per foljen ndihmese do per te ndertuar trajten pyetese dhe mohore edhe kur ndiqen nga paskajorja e foljeve, perpara tyre nuk vendoset pjeseza to. Shiko mesimin 27 per me teper informacion.

·    
  Ne biseden e mesiperme eshte nje fjali me perdorimin e foljes can: we can move, qe ne shqip do te thote: Ne mund te levizim; Ne mund te nisemi qe ketu. Ketu folja can ka kuptimin: te jesh ne gjendje te….te jesh i afte te….apo te mundesh te besh dicka.

·   
   Foljet to begin dhe to start, ka kuptimin nis, nisem, duke i’u referuar castit te nisjes, sapo marrim rrugen per te bere nje udhetim.

·  
    Shpesh here, per nje makine, anije ose biciklete, flitet sikur ato te ishin ne gjinine femerore, prandaj ka raste qe gjejme fjali te tilla si: She is running nicely-qe do te thote The car is running nicely.

·  
    Peteri pyet: Do you really want to know? Dhe Kate i pergjigjet: Of course, I do. Ketu kemi perdorimin e nje pergjigje te shkurter, te cilat jane te zakondshme ne anglisht. Pra, Kate pergjigjet: Of, course, I do, qe do te thote Of Course I want to learn, qe ne shqip do te thote sigurisht qe une dua te mesoj, natyrisht qe deshiroj te mesoj, patjeter qe dua te mesoj.

·    
  I njeti ndertim vihet re edhe ne fjaline tjeter:  You haven’t a learner’s license. Pergjigjja e Kate eshte: Yes, I have, me kuptimin: yes I have a learner’s licence., Po une kam patente kursanti.

Ushtrime:

1.

o   What are you going to do?  ( sing a song) I am going to sing a song.

o   What is he going to do? (draw a picture). He is going to draw a picture.

o   What is she going to do?(learn to read). She is going to learn to read.

o   What are we going to do? (learn to drive). We are going to learn to drive.

o   What are they going to do?( have lunch). They are going to have lunch.

2.

o   The school begins, the bell rings: The school begins when the bell rings.

o   The boy gets up, the alarm clock rings. The boy gets up when the alarm clock rings.

o   The TV show starts, all the guests are there. The TV show starts when all the guests are there.

o   They can’t hear us, listen to music. They can’t hear us when they listen to music.

3.

o   February: February usually has 28(twenty-eight) days.

o   December has 31 days. ( thirty-one)

o   February sometimes has 29(twenty-nine) days.

o   A day has 24 hours. (twenty-four)

o   A year usually has 365 days. ( three hundred and sixty five)

Ushtrime per tu zgjidhur:

Perktheni ne anglisht:

o   Ajo po e mbyll makinen.

o   Sa para do te shpenzosh ti?

o   Kur do ta lexojme ate liber?

o   Ajo nuk do te presi shume.

o   Kush do me japi 3 dollare?

o   Pjesa e pare e shfaqjes.

o   Shtepia e dyte pergjate rruges.

o   Makina e dyte.

o   Emir i 6 ne liste.

o   21 tetor 1985

o   Eja te me takosh te henen.

o   Zakonisht ne cohemi ne 9:00.

o   Ajo do pastroje me furce xhaketen perpara se te haje mengjes.

o   Ai do te qendroje atje.

Ushtrime:

v Shkruani disa rreshta ku thoni: muajt e vitit dhe sa dite ka secili muaj, sa jave ka nje muaj, sa muaj ka nje vit, sa dite ka java, dhe tregoni emrat e diteve. Perfundoni ushtrimin duke shenuar daten dhe muajin kur e keni bere ushtrimin.

The Dog, the Cock, & the Fox

A Dog and a Cock, who were the best of friends, wished very much to see something of the world. So they decided to leave the farmyard and to set out into the world along the road that led to the woods. The two comrades traveled along in the very best of spirits and without meeting any adventure to speak of.

At nightfall the Cock, looking for a place to roost, as was his custom, spied nearby a hollow tree that he thought would do very nicely for a night's lodging. The Dog could creep inside and the Cock would fly up on one of the branches. So said, so done, and both slept very comfortably.

With the first glimmer of dawn the Cock awoke. For the moment he forgot just where he was. He thought he was still in the farmyard where it had been his duty to arouse the household at daybreak. So standing on tip-toes he flapped his wings and crowed lustily. But instead of awakening the farmer, he awakened a Fox not far off in the wood. The Fox immediately had rosy visions of a very delicious breakfast. Hurrying to the tree where the Cock was roosting, he said very politely:

"A hearty welcome to our woods, honored sir. I cannot tell you how glad I am to see you here. I am quite sure we shall become the closest of friends."

"I feel highly flattered, kind sir," replied the Cock slyly. "If you will please go around to the door of my house at the foot of the tree, my porter will let you in."

The hungry but unsuspecting Fox, went around the tree as he was told, and in a twinkling the Dog had seized him.

Those who try to deceive may expect to be paid in their own coin.

The Hare & His Ears

The Lion had been badly hurt by the horns of a Goat, which he was eating. He was very angry to think that any animal that he chose for a meal, should be so brazen as to wear such dangerous things as horns to scratch him while he ate. So he commanded that all animals with horns should leave his domains within twenty-four hours.

The command struck terror among the beasts. All those who were so unfortunate as to have horns, began to pack up and move out. Even the Hare, who, as you know, has no horns and so had nothing to fear, passed a very restless night, dreaming awful dreams about the fearful Lion.

And when he came out of the warren in the early morning sunshine, and there saw the shadow cast by his long and pointed ears, a terrible fright seized him.

"Goodby, neighbor Cricket," he called. "I'm off. He will certainly make out that my ears are horns, no matter what I say."

Do not give your enemies the slightest reason to attack your reputation. Your enemies will seize any excuse to attack you.

The Tortoise & the Ducks

The Tortoise, you know, carries his house on his back. No matter how hard he tries, he cannot leave home. They say that Jupiter punished him so, because he was such a lazy stay-at-home that he would not go to Jupiter's wedding, even when especially invited.

After many years, Tortoise began to wish he had gone to that wedding. When he saw how gaily the birds flew about and how the Hare and the Chipmunk and all the other animals ran nimbly by, always eager to see everything there was to be seen, the Tortoise felt very sad and discontented. He wanted to see the world too, and there he was with a house on his back and little short legs that could hardly drag him along.

One day he met a pair of Ducks and told them all his trouble.

"We can help you to see the world," said the Ducks. "Take hold of this stick with your teeth and we will carry you far up in the air where you can see the whole countryside. But keep quiet or you will be sorry."

The Tortoise was very glad indeed. He seized the stick firmly with his teeth, the two Ducks took hold of it one at each end, and away they sailed up toward the clouds.

Just then a Crow flew by. He was very much astonished at the strange sight and cried:

"This must surely be the King of Tortoises!"

"Why certainly—" began the Tortoise.

But as he opened his mouth to say these foolish words he lost his hold on the stick, and down he fell to the ground, where he was dashed to pieces on a rock.

Foolish curiosity and vanity often lead to misfortune.

The Wild Boar & the Fox

A Wild Boar was sharpening his tusks busily against the stump of a tree, when a Fox happened by. Now the Fox was always looking for a chance to make fun of his neighbors. So he made a great show of looking anxiously about, as if in fear of some hidden enemy. But the Boar kept right on with his work.

"Why are you doing that?" asked the Fox at last with a grin. "There isn't any danger that I can see."

"True enough," replied the Boar, "but when danger does come there will not be time for such work as this. My weapons will have to be ready for use then, or I shall suffer for it."

Preparedness for war is the best guarantee of peace.