Comparatives and superlatives

 Here is a chart that explains comparatives and superlatives in English:

Adjective	Comparative	Superlative
big	bigger	biggest
expensive	more expensive	most expensive
happy	happier	happiest
tall	taller	tallest
beautiful	more beautiful	most beautiful

Comparative adjectives are used to compare two things or people, while superlative adjectives are used to compare three or more things or people. In general, we add "-er" to the end of one-syllable adjectives and use "more" with longer adjectives to form comparatives. We add "-est" to the end of one-syllable adjectives and use "most" with longer adjectives to form superlatives.

Examples:

1. The elephant is bigger than the hippo. (Comparative)
2. The blue whale is the biggest animal on Earth. (Superlative)
3. This dress is more expensive than that one. (Comparative)
4. The diamond necklace is the most expensive piece of jewelry I've ever seen. (Superlative)
5. John is happier than Bill. (Comparative)
6. Out of all my friends, Sarah is the happiest. (Superlative)
7. The giraffe is taller than the lion. (Comparative)
8. The Eiffel Tower is the tallest building in Paris. (Superlative)
9. The rose garden is more beautiful than the daisy field. (Comparative)
10. The sunset at the beach is the most beautiful sight I've ever seen. (Superlative)

Note: There are some irregular comparatives and superlatives that do not follow this pattern. For example, "good" becomes "better" in the comparative form and "best" in the superlative form.